St. John, Harold

Pacific Science

ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa

Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 8The Hong Kong Coastal PandanusHAROLD ST. JOHN!Pandanus 1'emotus sp. nov. (sect. Pandanus)Figs. 43-46DIAGNOSIS HOLOTYPI: Arbori ad 3 m. alti,truncis 15 cm. diametro sublaevibus saepe de-cumbentibus et copsis densis formantibus, ra-dicibus fulturosis paucis et parvis, foliis 95-160cm. longis 4.5 cm. latis Ii~uIatis .sed .in b~searnplectentibus et 7 cm. latlS longlter In aplCeacuto diminuentibus fragilibus et faciliter trans-ruptibus base inerme sed parte subbasalis cu.mserris luteis 3.5-5 mm. longis 6-20 mm. dls-tantibus in medio serris 2-4 mm. longis 5-12mm. distantibus parte subapicale cum serris 0.5-1 mm. longis 3-10 mm. distantibus ner:o ~e- .diale cum serris adscendentibus subulatls Slm-ulantibus sed minoribus, syncarpiis in flore 4cm. longis late ellipsoideis cum bracteis albisnumerosis amplectentibus maximis 53. c~.longis 3 cm. latis, syncarpio in fructu termInall,pedunculo 19-20 cm. longo tereto in basi plur~­bracteato eis ocreatis; syncarpiis 23 cm. longls20 cm. diametro ellipsoideo, axili in fructu car-noso et succifero et celeriter multo contracto etsolum fibris paucis remansis, phalangibus plus-minusve 50 et 4.2-4.6 cm. longis 2.1-3 cm. latis1.6-2.6 cm. crassis dimidia supera cuneata la-teribus laevibus planis vel subcurvatis sublucidisluteis in sicco brunneis sed sinibus aurantiacisapice convexo sinibus laterali.bu~ ~arpell~ru~vadosis sed ad mediam productls SlO1bus aplCall-bus centralibus 3-4 mm. profundis dimidia in-fera valde distenta carnosa lutea saccharosa, car-pellis 7-10 plerumque 8-9 subaequalibus apici-bus liberis conico-pyramidalis tertia supera sub-oblata eis marginalis asymmetricis et paenedivergentibus, stigmatibus 1.5-2 mm. longisovalibus lineatis obliquis centripetalibus, endo-carpio mediali osseoso obscure maho$a.ni-colo-rato in latere 0.5-1.5 mm. lato, semlO1bus 10mm. longis 4 mm. diametro ellipsoideis, meso-1 Botanist, B. P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu 17,Hawaii. Manuscript received September 27, 1960.70carpio supero cavernoso medulloso et fibroso,mesocarpio infero carnoso et valde fibroso.DESCRIPTION OF ALL SPECIMENS EXAMINED:Trees 3 m. tall, the trunk 15 cm. in diameter,nearly smooth, often decumbent, forming densethickets; prop roots few and small; leaves 95-160 cm. long, 4.5 cm. wide, though at the verybase widening to 7 cm. at the clasping part,Iigulate, long tapering to an acute tip, texturefragile, so, easily and often torn across, the verybase unarmed, but just above it subulate serrate,the yellowish teeth 3.5-5 mm. long, 6-20 mm.apart, at the middle the teeth 2-4 mm. long,5-12 mm. apart, near the tip the teeth 0.5-1mm. long, 3-10 mm. apart, the midrib withsimilar, ascending, but smaller subulate teeth;inflorescence of staminate trees pendent, term-inal, 40-50 cm. long, and the panicle 3-5 cm.wide, sweet fragrant; bracts white, divergent,the lowest ones 44-53 cm. long, 3.6 cm. wide,the lower half Iinear-lanceolate, the upper halfa slender, tapering subulate tip, the midrib un-armed, but the margins appressed subulate ser-rate, the uppermost bract 5-7 cm. long, 6-8mm. wide; lateral spikes numerous, 4-5.5 cm.long, borne on stalks up to 15 mm. long; stam-inal columns 5-15 mm. long, racemose, thelower half naked; filaments 1.5-2.5 mm. long;anthers 3-4 mm. long, linear-oblong, bearingan apical projection of the connective 1-~.2mm. long, subulate; pistillate inflorescence wIthwhite bracts; pistillate flowering heads broadellipsoid, 4 cm. long, surrounded by numerouswhite bracts, the largest ones 53 cm. long, 3cm. wide; in fruit the syncarps terminal, on apeduncle 19-20 cm. long, terete, and at basewith several ochreate bracts, naked above; syn-carps 23 cm. long, 18-20 cm. in diameter, ellip-soid, the core at maturity juicy, fleshy, and al-most wholly rotting and shrinking, leaving butvery little fiber; phalanges 50 or more in num-ber, 4.2-4.6 cm. long, 2.1-3 cm. wide, 1.6-2.6cm. thick, upper half cuneate, with sides smooth,I\IoaI5coI 5I If 10 cm,IFIG. 43. Pandanus remotus, from holotype. a, Ripe phalange, lateral view, X 1; b, dried phalange, lateralview, X 1; c, phalange, longitudinal section, X 1; d, phalange, apical view, X 1; from topotype, St. fohn26,322, e, leaf base, lower side, XI; f, leaf middle, lower side, X 1; g, leaf tip, lower side, XL72FIG. 44. Pandanus remotus, holotype, showingsyncarp.plane or gently curved, a little shiny, yellowwith orange creases, drying brownish, the apexconvex, the lateral carpel sunues shallow butdistinct down to the middle, the central apicalsutures 3-4 mm. deep, the lower half conspicu-ously enlarged and swollen with orange, juicyflesh, on the one drawn when fresh at the mid-section the upper part was 1.8 em. in diameterwhile the fleshy lower part was 3 em. in diam-eter, on drying the fleshy enlargement largelyvanishes except for shoulders on each angle atthe juncture and fleshy traces below that; pulpof the base very sweet and with a faint peachflavor but then with an irritating after taste;carpels 7-10, mostly 8-9, subequal, their apicesconic-pyramidal, the upper Y3 somewhat oblate,the marginal ones asymmetric and a little di-vergent; stigmas 1.5-2 mm. long, oval, creased,oblique, centripetal, below it the proximal su-ture extending Y2 way to valley bottom; endo-carp median, dark mahogany-colored, bony, thataround the outer seeds 0.5-1.5 mm. thick; seeds10 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter, ellipsoid; up-per mesocarp fibrous and cavernous betweenmembranous cross partitions; lower mesocarpfleshy and very fibrous.HOLOTYPUS: Hong Kong: Shek-o Bay, sandsat top of beach, forming thickets, July 19, 1956,H. St. John 25,930 (BISH).SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Same data, staminateplant, St. John 25,929 (BISH); same locality. Oct.20, 1959, St. John 26,322 (BISH); Hong Kong,Ringgold & Rodgers Expedition, 1853-56, C.Wright (us).PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XVI, January 1962DISCUSSION: The striking feature of this spe-cies is the fleshy distention of the base of eachfruiting phalange. Their large expansion causesthe phalanges to be widely separated on thehead. This type of fruiting structure was almostunknown in the Pandanus species of the centraland eastern Pacific, but is now frequently foundon the islands near the Asiatic coast. Two ofthis group from Mindanao, Philippines, weredescribed by Martelli as P. coronatus formacoronatus, and forma minor. The first differsfrom ours in its more conic carpel apices, largerstigmas, and its phalange length of 3.5 cm. Theforma minor differs in its low convex carpelapices and its phalange length of only 3 cm. Inboth the swollen fleshy base is smaller than inours, but they were described and figured fromdried material, so this point is uncertain.The new specific epithet is from the Latin,remotus, distant, in allusion to the widely sep-arated phalanges of the syncarp.FIG. 45. Pandanus remotus, pararype, St. fohn25,929, staminate plant with white inflorescence.Page 79: Revision of Pandanus, 8. Hong Kong-ST. JOHNFIG. 46. Pandanus remotus, paratype, St. John 25,929, sraminate column, X 10.~o...o73

Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 8. The Hong Kong Coastal Pandanus

St. John, Harold.

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Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 8. The Hong Kong Coastal Pandanus

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