Uina'i, with only 361 km2 of land area, is one of the smaller
Hawaiian Islands. Its forest area is limited and its complement of flora and fauna
is correspondingly low. Its relative isolation, however, has allowed development
of a small but distinctive group of endemic plants, birds, insects, and molluscs.
Throughout its period of human occupation it has suffered gradual losses in
biodiversity due to the effects of grazing and browsing herbivores, aggressive
introduced plants, predacious carnivores, diseases, and human activities. In
recent years the loss of species has accelerated as Uina'i's ecosystems have begun
to suffer catastrophic collapse. This paper documents the changes that have
occurred in historical chronology and predicts long-term results
