Elattostachys vitiensis Seemann ex Radlk. is separated from E.
falcata (A. Gray) Radlk., as a distinct species. Elattostachysfalcata is reduced to
E. apetala (Labill.) Radlk. A key to the species of Elattostachys (Blume) Radlk.
in Fiji and some distributional notes are given

Adema, Frits

Pacific Science

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Pacific Science (1993), vol. 47, no. 3: 295-297© 1993 by University of Hawaii Press. All rights reservedElattostachys (Blume) Radlk. (Sapindaceae) in Fiji lFRITS ADEMA 2ABSTRACT: Elattostachys vitiensis Seemann ex Radlk. is separated from E.falcata (A. Gray) Radlk., as a distinct species. Elattostachysfalcata is reduced toE. apetala (Labil!.) Radlk. A key to the species of Elattostachys (Blume) Radlk.in Fiji and some distributional notes are given.enough to separate Elattostachys vitiensisfrom E.falcata.The proper citation of the species name isas follows:Elattostachys vitiensis Seemann ex Radlk.,Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. C!. Konig!. Bayer.Akad. Wiss. Muench. 9 (1879), 602.-Cupania vitiensis Seemann, Bonplandia 9(1861), 254 (nomen nudum).-Type: See-mann 68, Fiji, (A?, holotype, isotype in p).Elattostachys apetala AND E.falcataWhen the New Caledonian Elattostachysmaterial was being revised, a problem aroseinvolving E. apetala (Labil!.) Radlk. and E.falcata. These species differ according toRadlkofer (1933) in the following characters:E. falcata: Leaflets 1.5-2 cm wide, incon-spicuously pellucid dotted.Elattostachys falcata AND E. vitiensisIN FLORA VITIENSIS NOVA A. C. Smith (1985:610) reduced Elattostachys vitiensis Seemannex Radlk. to E.falcata (A. Gray) Radlk.: "TheSeemann type [E. vitiensis] has the leafletblades scarcely falcate, slightly larger andproportionally broader than those of typicalE. falcata, but there is a complete transi-tion between the extremes and the foveolateor efoveolate leaflet character utilized byRadlkofer is undependable."Probably Smith overlooked a further char-acter mentioned by Radlkofer (1879): Fruitsinside with purplish hairs (E. vitiensis) versuswhitish hairs (E. falcata). Moreover, an im-portant seed character was missed by bothauthors: In E. falcata the seed is almostcompletely covered by a thin arillode (FigureI A); in E. vitiensis only the very base of theseed is covered by a tiny thick sarcotesta(Figure I B).There are at least four differences betweenE. falcata and E. vitiensis: (I) leaflets (ovateto) lanceolate and falcate in E.falcata, ellipticto ovate and not falcate in E. vitiensis (Figure2); (2) usually at least some of the leafletsfoveolate (= with domatia) in E. falcata,efoveolate ( = without domatia) in E. vitiensis(Figure 2); (3) fruits inside with whitish hairsj.n.}~jalcatQ,_with_p_u(plish_hairsjnE. vitiensis; -(4) seeds almost totally covered by an arillodein E. falcata, only the very base covered by asarcotesta in E. vitiensis.Together, these differences are more than1 emI Manuscript accepted 8 October 1992.2 RijksherbariumjHortus Botanicus, P.O. Box 9514,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.FIGURE I. Seeds. A, E/allostachys fa/cata (A. Gray)Radlk. [= E. apeta/a (Labill.) Radlk.). B, E. vitiensisSeemann ex Radlk.296 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 47, July 19931cm 1cmB1cmcFIGURE 2. Leaflets. A, B, Elallos/achys/alca/a (A. Gray) Radlk. [= E. ape/ala (Labill.) Radlk.]. Arrows indicatethe domatium. C, E. I'itiensis Seemann ex Radlk.E. apetala: Leaflets 3-5 cm wide, withoutpellucid dots.Furthermore, the disc of E. apetala is re-ported to be glabrous; in E.falcata (not givenby Radlkofer) the disc supposedly is hairy.In the New Caledonian material of thesetwo species no differences could be found.Most specimens have leaflets 2-5 cm widewith at least some pellucid dots, and in onespecimen the disc is hairy.In Fijian E. falcata the leaflets are 2-4 cmwide, usually with many, rarely with few,pellucid dots. The discs are glabrous or hairy.Because there are only a few gradual differ-Elattostachys (Sapindaceae) in Fiji-ADEMAences between the two species, they are herecombined into one. The epithet apetala is theolder of the two, and the proper name of thecombined species is as follows:Elattostachys apetala (Labill.) Radlk., Sapind.HollAnd. (1879), 42; Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Cl. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss.Muench. 9 (1879), 531, 602; in Engler,Pflanzenr. 98 (1933), 1267.-Cupania ape-tala Labill., Sert. Austero-Caled. 2 (1825),29772, t. 73. Type: Labillardiere s.n., NewCaledonia (non vidi).-Cupaniafalcata A.Gray, Bot. U.S. Expl. Exped. 1 (1854),252.-Elattostachys falcata (A. Gray)Radlk., Sapind. HollAnd. (1879), 42;Smith, Fl. Viti. 3 (1985), 609. Lectotype(A. C. Smith, 1985): U.S. Expl. Exped. s.n.(us 17734, holotype, isotype? in A).A. C. Smith (1936) described a third speciesof Elattostachys from Fiji: E. venosa. TheFijian species can be keyed out as follows:KEY TO THE FIJIAN SPECIES OF Elattostachys1a. Twigs, petiole, rachis, and midrib of leaflets below strigillose. Fruits 13-15 by 10-14mm, glabrous outside 2lb. Twigs, petiole, rachis, and midrib below tomentose. Fruits 17-20 by 17-20 mm, hairyoutside E. venosa2a. Leaflets (ovate to) lanceolate, usually falcate, 5.5-17.5 by 2-4 cm, usually with 1 largesaccate domatium, rarely without or with 2 or 3 domatia. Endocarp whitish tomentose.Seeds almost totally covered by an arillode E. apetala2b. Leaflets elliptic to ovate, not falcate, 7-12.5 by 3-4 cm, without domatia. Endocarppurplishtomentose. Seeds basally with a tiny sarcotesta E. vitiensisDISTRIBUTIONAL NOTESElattostachys apetala: Widespread Pacificspecies. Known from New Caledonia, theNew Hebrides, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, and Niue(Sykes 1970: 186, 187).E. venosa: Rareand endemic in Fiji. Knownfrom three collections from Viti Levu andVanua Levu (Smith 1985).E. vitiensis: Rare and endemic in Fiji.Known from two collections from Ovalau(Seemann 68) and Viti Levu (Linney 86026-4).ACKNOWLEDGMENTS1 thank_!b.e_dire.QtQrS_ QLtbe_fQllowing her-_baria for the loan of specimens: A, L, P.P. Baas, P. W. Leenhouts, and M. Rooscritically reviewed a draft of this article. J.Wessendorp made the excellent drawings.LITERATURE CITEDRADLKOFER, L. 1879. Ueber Cupania unddamit verwandte Pflanzen. Sitzungsber.Math.-Phys. Cl. Konigl. Bayer. Akad.Wiss. Muench. 9 :457-678.---. 1933. Sapindaceae, Elattostachys.Pages 1258-1268 in A. Engler, Pflanzen-reich 98. Leipzig.SMITH, A. C. 1936. Fijian plant studies. Ber-nice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 141: 1-166.---. 1985. Flora Vitiensis Nova 3. PacificTropical Botanical Garden, Hawai'i.SYKEs,-W..R.-l-9.7.0.-Contt:ibutions-to- th~ fIora-·of Niue. N.Z. Dep. Sci. Ind. Res. Bull.200: 1-321.

Elattostachys (Blume) Radlk. (Sapindaceae) in Fiji

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Elattostachys (Blume) Radlk. (Sapindaceae) in Fiji

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