Effets de la corpulence sur la composition en macronutriments du lait maternel

Abstract

Background: Weight gain from 0 to 1 month old is lower in breast-fed infants of obese mothers compared to lean mothers. Obese women breast milk composition has not been studied yet and may explain the difference in weight gain. The aim of this study was to compare the flow and the macronutrient composition of 1 month breast milk of obese and lean mother's. Subjects and methods: This is a prospective, case control study, supported by a PHRC. Patients were recruited in Poitiers and Châtellerault maternity wards. Fifty obese mothers (BMI >= 30 kg/m2) exclusively breastfeeding ere matched ith fifty lean mothers (18.5 <= BMI < 25 kg/m2) according to their age, parity, geographical origin and educational level. A breast-milk sample was collected at 1 month postnatal for analysis by mid-red spectroscopy to determine macronutrient concentration. Results: Milk flow during suckling was lower in obese women (6.7 +- 3.7 vs 5.1 +- 3.5 ml.min-1, p<0,05). No difference was found in the carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and energy composition. Only the total solids were higher in breast milk of obese women (12.4 +- 1.6 vs 11.7 +- 1.3 g%, p<0,05). Conclusion: The lower milk flow in obese mothers might explain the lower weight gain in breast-fed infants of obese women. We could not confirm a greater energy and lipid content in obese omen's breast milk, due to a lack of statistical power. Qualitative analysis of milk lipids is in progress.POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF