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Контакты украинских педагогов с югославскими в 50-е — 60-е гг. ХХ века

Abstract

У статті розкрито напрями, форми та специфіку співпраці між українськими та югославськими освітянами. З’ясовано вплив державних органів Радянської України та Югославії на зміст контактів. Показано зацікавленість у  вивченні фахового досвіду, обміні спеціалістами, учнями, студентами. Відзначено, що нехтування інтересами освітян, відсутність належної уваги до навчальних закладів з  боку влади негативно відображалося на міжнародному авторитеті країни та дієвості її керівництва.Cooperation between Ukrainian and Yugoslav educators become part of relations between peoples in the cultural sphere. For both sides it had been benefi cial to implement joint programs in the educational work and several factors contributed to this. Education in both republics was on approximately the same level of development, had many similar features and system problems. The purpose of  this research is to  describe the  social and political conditions, the  content and the  specifi c of contacts of Ukrainian educators with Yugoslav colleagues. Now when the relations of Ukraine with the new independent countries that emerged on the post-Yugoslav space are very scarce, compared with the second half of the 20th century, it is necessary to appeal to the past experience and take full advantage of it. Communication between Yugoslav and Ukrainian educators in the second half of the 20th century was not systematic. All meetings and visits that had taken place during these years were conducted by parties with interest and demonstrated a spirit of cooperation. Contacts developed in many areas of the educational process, from pre-school and ending with research institutions that were engaged in issues of education and upbringing. Educators of Yugoslav republics had tried to expand the subject ties, increase the number of experts, which were attached to the study of the experience, introduce a regular exchange of pupils and students groups etc. However, limited opportunities of the USSR in the sphere of international communication did not allow fully implement the proposals that came from Yugoslavia. Yugoslav offi cials and educators, which were working in  the education system, were diff erent from  the Ukrainian colleagues in  greater openness and criticality in  the evaluation of  educational institutions both in Ukraine and in Yugoslavia. They were not afraid to speak openly about their problems. Yugoslav colleagues were showing interest in everything that was not practicing in sphere of education and upbringing youth in their country. Yugoslav experts have observed most of these innovations in an extensive system of communist cultural and educational upbringing of the youth and labour groups that existed in the USSR. Members of  the Yugoslav delegations, as  a  controversial phenomenon, have marked ideological orientation and propaganda of  Soviet standards in  such work Ukrainian colleagues. Yugoslav educators also stressed the need for greater involvement in the educational process the works of Ukrainian and world culture. Yugoslavs were mostly interested in those last working methods, Ukrainian movies, photos, books and others. They were trying to establish a regular exchange of similar materials. At present, collaboration between educators of the former Yugoslavia and Ukraine is virtually absent. Some projects are initiated only between universities of Ukraine and the newly independent republics of the post-Yugoslav space. Both parties are not using their potential to deploy fruitful contacts in education, which is going through difficult times of modernization, while these changes could be optimized and accelerated by the joint efforts.В статье раскрыто направления, формы и специфику сотрудничества между украинскими и югославскими педагогами. Выяснено влияние государственных органов Советской Украины и Югославии на содержание контактов. Показано заинтересованность в  изучении опыта друг друга, обмене специалистами, учащимися, студентами. Отмечено, что пренебрежение интересами педагогов, отсутствие должного внимания к учебным заведениям со стороны власти отрицательно отражалось на международном авторитете страны и действенности ее руководства

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