Total malaria burden per 1,000 children in different intervals after the preceding episode. Burden of repeat malaria per 1,000 children occurring in different intervals following the previous episode, according to the Markham seasonality index (MSI). Scenarios shown for 20, 40 and 60Â % prevalence

Alassane Dicko (22536)

Azra Ghani (224003)

Badara Cisse (3488705)

Brian Greenwood (18034)

Daniel Chandramohan (45475)

Diadier Diallo (3488702)

Jamie Griffin (207161)

Kwaku Asante (258781)

Lucy Okell (224005)

Matthew Cairns (91805)

Patrick Walker (3488699)

Paul Milligan (57142)

Seth Owusu-Agyei (80063)

Tini Garske (230974)

Malaria Journal

PubMed

Cairns, ME

Walker, PGT

Okell, LC

Griffin, JT

Garske, T

Asante, KP

Owusu-Agyei, S

Diallo, D

Dicko, A

Cisse, B

Greenwood, BM

Chandramohan, D

Ghani, AC

Milligan, PJ

Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository

Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

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Additional file 11: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

BACKGROUND: Long-acting artemisinin-based combination therapy (LACT) offers the potential to prevent recurrent malaria attacks in highly exposed children. However, it is not clear where this advantage will be most important, and deployment of these drugs is not rationalized on this basis. METHODS: To understand where post-treatment prophylaxis would be most beneficial, the relationship between seasonality, transmission intensity and the interval between malaria episodes was explored using data from six cohort studies in West Africa and an individual-based malaria transmission model. The total number of recurrent malaria cases per 1000 child-years at risk, and the fraction of the total annual burden that this represents were estimated for sub-Saharan Africa. RESULTS: In settings where prevalence is less than 10 %, repeat malaria episodes constitute a small fraction of the total burden, and few repeat episodes occur within the window of protection provided by currently available drugs. However, in higher transmission settings, and particularly in high transmission settings with highly seasonal transmission, repeat malaria becomes increasingly important, with up to 20 % of the total clinical burden in children estimated to be due to repeat episodes within 4 weeks of a prior attack. CONCLUSION: At a given level of transmission intensity and annual incidence, the concentration of repeat malaria episodes in time, and consequently the protection from LACT is highest in the most seasonal areas. As a result, the degree of seasonality, in addition to the overall intensity of transmission, should be considered by policy makers when deciding between ACT that differ in their duration of post-treatment prophylaxis

Cairns, Matthew E

Walker, Patrick GT

Okell, Lucy C

Griffin, Jamie T

Garske, Tini

Asante, Kwaku Poku

Owusu-Agyei, Seth

Diallo, Diadier

Dicko, Alassane

Cisse, Badara

Greenwood, Brian M

Chandramohan, Daniel

Ghani, Azra C

Milligan, Paul J

LSHTM Research Online

Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa.

Sites with bimodal malaria transmission. Description of how sites with bimodal malaria transmission were identified, their location in Africa, an example results for 2 scenarios of bimodal transmission

Additional file 3: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

Скоропанова, Ирина Степановна

BSU Digital Library

ПОЭТИКА РОМАНОВ Г. В. ГРИНЕВИЧА «В ТЕНИ МОЛЧАНИЯ (КНИГА НОЯ)», «ПУТЬ МОЛНИИ (КНИГА РОЖДЕННОГО НА ЗАРЕ УХОДЯЩЕГО ГОДА)»

Location of the study sites, and length of season according to Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa (MARA). Location of the six cohort/studies in West Africa, and an indication of the length of the malaria transmission season according to the Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa (MARA) project

Additional file 1: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

Fraction of all malaria episodes in different intervals after the preceding episode. Percentage of the overall malaria burden occurring in different intervals following the previous episode, for different levels of the Markham seasonality index (MSI). Scenarios shown for 20, 40 and 60Â % prevalence

Additional file 12: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

Total malaria burden per 1,000 children that occurs within 28, 42, 56 and 70Â days of a previous episode. Total number of malaria episodes that occur within 28, 42, 56 and 70Â days of a previous malaria episode, according to seasonality and transmission intensity

Additional file 10: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

Correlation between model seasonality in larval carrying capacity and predicted seasonality in clinical malaria. Correlation between Markham seasonality index calculated for the larval carrying capacity function (as an input into the model determining seasonality) and MSI for seasonality in clinical malaria at different levels of prevalence

Additional file 7: of Seasonality in malaria transmission: implications for case-management with long-acting artemisinin combination therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

https://figshare.com/articles/Additional_file_12_of_Seasonality_in_malaria_transmission_implications_for_case-management_with_long-acting_artemisinin_combination_therapy_in_sub-Saharan_Africa/4386761

ПОЭТИКА РОМАНОВ Г. В. ГРИНЕВИЧА «В ТЕНИ МОЛЧАНИЯ (КНИГА НОЯ)», «ПУТЬ МОЛНИИ (КНИГА РОЖДЕННОГО НА ЗАРЕ УХОДЯЩЕГО ГОДА)»

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