Bolland, H.R.

Gutierrez, Jean

Horizon / Pleins textes

ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 46,1.111.1986 39 
Description and karyotype of Schizortobia oudeinansi n. sp. from 
The Netherlands (Acari: Tetranychidae) 
by 
J. GUTIERREZ’ & H. R. BOLLAND2 
2 Laboratory of Experimental Entomology, Amsterdam 
Laboratoire I.N.R.A. - ORSTOM, Montpellier 
ABSTRACT. - Sckizonobia oudemansi n. sp. recently collected on Heliaittlmnum nummu- 
larium (Cistaceae) at Wageningen is described and drawings are given. A key for the four 
known species of Schizonobia is provided. The chromosome number of S. oudemansi n. sp. is 
2n = 8. 
INTRODUCTION 
The genus Schizonobia Womersley belongs to the subfamily Bryobiinae Berlese and the 
tribe Petrobiini Reck; it is distinctive in having 13 pairs of dorsal body setae set on tubercles. 
I- 
- 
Fig. 1. Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. Dorsal aspect of male. 
I - - - - __ . - 
40 ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 46,1.111.1986 
Fig. 2. Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. Dorsal aspect of female. 
The true claws are pad-like and the empodium is uncinate with a single pair of tenent hairs. 
The peritreme ends distally in anastomosing and protruding sacs. 
Thus far three species were described in the genus: Schizonobia sycophanta Womersley, 
1940, S. hirsutellum Athias-Henriot, 1961, and S. bundi Gutierrez, 1972. This number has now 
risen to four with the description of Schizonobiu oudemansi n. sp. from Wageningen, the Neth- 
erlands. 
The discovery of S. oudemansi n. sp. in the Netherlands confirms the hypothesis that all 
members of the genus Schizonobia originate from Europe and North Africa. We previously 
stated that S. sycophanta, although described from Tasmania, probably originated from Eu- 
rope (Gutierrez & Bolland, 1973). S. hirsutellum was collected in Algeria, S. bundi in the south 
of France. 
The species of Schizonobia may be differentiated by the chaetotaxy of the coxae I of females 
and males. 
A_-joindre B tout envoi de document 
b : Cel lu le  de Collecte FDO 
ORSTOM 
70-74 route d'Aulnay 
93143 BONDY, CEDEX 
Au t e u  r ( s  ) J. GUTIERREZ 1 H.R. BOLI~AND 
Ti t re  Origina' ' Description and karyotype of Schizonobia oudemansi n; sp; from 
The Netherlands (Acari: Tetranychidae). 
Titre  en F ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J ~  
(si le doCumeni est originaire des Pays-Bas (Acari : Tetranychidae). 
en  langue P t r m g e r e )  
Description et caryotype de Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. 
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S c i ~ n c e s  and Fisheries A b s t r a c t s )  
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ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 46,1.111.1986 41 
I / 
Figs 3-11. Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. 3, tarsus I of male; 4, tarsus II of male; 5, empodium I 
of female; 6, tarsus I of female; 7, tarsus II of female; 8, peritremes of female; 9, terminal pal- 
pal segment of male; 10, terminal palpal segment of female; 11, aedeagus. 
Table 1. Genus Schizonobia, chaetotaxy of the coxae I of males and females. 
Species 
S. oudemami n. sp, 
S. sycophanta 
S. hirsutellum 
S. bundi 
Number of setae on coxa I 
Females Males 
2 2 
3 5 
5 (male unknown) 
10 13 
42 ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 46,1.111.1986 
Description of Sclzizonobia oudemansi n. sp. 
Female (figs 2,5,6,7,8,10) 
Dimensions: Holotype: length of body including gnathosoma (L) = 485 p, greatest width 
of body (1) = 305 p; paratypes L = 465 - 505 p and 1 = 285 - 325 p. 
The dorsal integument bears smooth transverse striae. The 13 pairs of dorsal body setae are 
relatively long, serrate and tapering. The length of the 3 propodosomals varies from 80 to 100 
p and the 10 opisthosomals vary from 110 to 150 p. The peritreme ends distally in an en- 
larged anastomosing complex. 
The empodium of all legs is composed of a strong claw bearing one pair of short tenent hairs. 
Chaetotaxy of palpal tarsus: 3 long eupathidia, 1 fusiform and well developed solenidion, 3 or- 
dinary setae. Chaetotaxy of legs I to IV in the order coxa, trochanter, femur, genu, tibia and 
tarsus: 
I: 2 -  1 - 1 0 - 5  - 14-21 
II: 3 - 1 -  6 - 5 -  9 - 1 8  
III: 1-1-  5 - 3 -  6 - 1 2  
IV: 1-1-  5 - 3 -  6 - 1 2  
The 2 duplex setae of tarsus I and the duplex of tarsus II consist of one long distal solenidion 
Male (figs 1,3,4,9,11) 
Dimensions paratype: length of body including gnathosoma is 355 p; greatest width of 
body is 205 p. The dorsal body setae are shorter than in the females, with a length varying 
from 35 to 60 p. The aedeagus is composed of a shaft narrowing to form a stylet with a slen- 
der tip pointing downwards. Chaetotaxy of legs I to IV, in the order coxa, trochanter, femur, 
genu, tibia and tarsus: 
and one very short proximal ordinary seta. 
I: 2 - 1 - 1 1 - 5 - 1 9 - 2 7  
II: 3 - 1 -  6 - 5 -  9 - 1 9  
III: 1-1- 5 - 4 -  8 - 1 4  
IV: 1 - 1 -  5 - 4 -  6 - 1 2  
The number of setae on the femora, genua, tibiae and tarsi, in female and male, is lower 
than in the 3 other species of Schizonobia. 
Material 
Holotype female, 1 paratype male and 8 paratype females. All specimens examined were 
collected at Wageningen, 1.VI.1982, on Heliantlzemum nummularium (Mill.) (Cistaceae), 
which was introduced from Western Germany, near Bad-Neuenahr, Ahrtal. The holotype fe- 
male and the paratype male are deposited in the Institute of Taxonomic Zoology (Zoölogisch 
Museum), Amsterdam. One paratype female is deposited in the Museum National d’Histoire 
Naturelle, Paris. Other paratypes are deposited in the Centre ORSTOM, Montpellier. 
Field identification 
x 
The body of the female is brownish-red, the legs are lighter in colour. The body of the male 
is dark red. The species lives on the upperside of leaves and twigs; no silk is produced. 
The species overwinters at  the egg stage. There is a difference between the winter and the 
summer egg. The winter egg is coated with a whitish waxy material, giving the egg a cylinder- 
shaped appearence. Winter-eggs are always found in clusters around the stalks of the plant. 
ENTOMOLOGISCHE BERICHTEN, DEEL 46,1.111.1986 43 
The summer egg has a reddish colour, and is surrounded by a very thin transparent layer. The 
summer eggs are also found on the stalk, single or in clusters. 
S. oudemansi is dedicated to Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans (1858-1943), who was the first 
specialist in acarology in the Netherlands. 
Figs 12-13. Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. Photomicrographs of mitotic stages in diploid and 
haploid egg squashes; 12,2 n = 8 ( 2 2 0 0 ~ ) ;  13, n = 4 (2200~) .  
Chromosome number 
Using the aceto-orcein staining method, squash preparations were made of embryonic tissues 
taken from eggs by the technique outlined by Helle, Bolland & Heitmans (1980). Two types of 
eggs were found, diploid with 8 chromosomes (in 31 eggs) and haploid with 4 chromosomes (in 
4 eggs) (photomicrographs: figs 12 and 13). The numbers 2 n = 8 and n = 4 are the same as 
observed in another bisexual species of this genus, namely S. sycophanta (Gutierrez & Bolland, 
1973). In the Bryobiinae, the chromosome numbers vary from n = 2 to n = 5 and it appears 
that the modal number is n = 4 (67% of the species studied) (Helle, Bolland & Heitmans, 
REFERENCES 
1981). 
Athias-Henriot, C., 1961. Nouveaux acariens phytophages d’Algérie (Actinotrichida, Tetrany- 
choidea: Tetranychidae, Linotetranidae). -Ann. Ec. Nat. Agr. Alger 3 (3): 1-10. 
Gutierrez, J., 1972. Récolte dans le Var d’une espèce appartenant ?i un genre nouveau pour la 
France Schizonobia bundi n. sp. (Acariens: Tetranychidae). - Acarologia 14 (3): 
379-383. 
Gutierrez, J. & H. R. Bolland, 1973. Schizonobia sycophanta Womersley (Acariens: Tetrany- 
chidae) décrit de Tasmanie, est problablement originaire d’Europe. Complément 
de la description et étude cytogénétique. - Ent. Ber., Amst. 33: 54-60. 
Helle, W.,  H. R. Bolland & W. R. B. Heitmans, 1980. Chromosomes and types of partheno- 
genesis in the false spider mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). - Genetica 54: 45-50. 
, 1981. A survey of chromosome complements in the Tetranychidae. -bit. J. Acarol. 
Womersley, H., 1940. Studies in Australian Acarina Tetranychidae and Trichadenidae. - 
7: 147-155. 
Trans. R. Soc. S. Australia 64 (2): 233-265. 
Laboratoire I.N.R.A. de la Chaire d’Ecologie animale et de Zoologie agricole, E.N.S.A.M., 
34060 Montpellier Cedex, France. 
Laboratory of Experimental Entomology, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 302, 1098 SM 
Amsterdam. 



Description and karyotype of Schizonobia oudemansi n. sp. from The Netherlands (Acari : Tetranychidae)

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