Because of the imprecision of the known surface and the real distribution of the tepetates along the neovolcanic belt, as well as the agro-socio-economical problems that cause the presence of this volcanic indurated level in the fields, we proposed to test a methodology which use both teledetection and GIS on 1/25000 scale to identify the area with tepetates. This work, based on previous knowledge of the conditions of apparition of the tepetates, natural as well as anthropogenic reasons, could precise if this information determined in the Mexico and Tlaxcala valleys are also good for the rest of the neovolcanic belt. After the creation of a map of "potential tepetate presence" with a GIS, we confront this map with teledetection vues and fields informations. Then, we will cross agro-socio-economic data to determine the type of agriculture and the condition of life of the people. Crossing this map with those of the presence of the tepetates, we could define the conditions and the propositions of how generate a new soil from tepetates. This means that we operate (and the consequences too), touch the economical, social, agronomical, forestry and politic fields. (Résumé d'auteur