Primary localized amyloidosis of renal pelvis is very rare, and only 12 cases have been reported. More than half of the reported cases were treated by nephrectomy, and the preoperative diagnosis could not be made correctly because of its resemblance to renal pelvic tumor. The ureteroscopy is a useful diagnostic means in such a condition. This case is unusual in that a papillary transitional cell carcinoma was present coincidentally

Baba, Shiro

Katsuoka, Yoｊi

Kinoshita, Hidechika

Nakamura, Kaoru

Shiramizu, Miki

Kyoto University Research Information Repository

Title Primary localized amyloidosis of the renal pelvis coexistingwith transitional cell carcinoma: a case reportAuthor(s)Shiramizu, Miki; Nakamura, Kaoru; Baba, Shiro; Katsuoka,Yoｊi; Kinoshita, HidechikaCitation泌尿器科紀要 (1992), 38(6): 699-702Issue Date1992-06URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/117573RightType Departmental Bulletin PaperTextversionpublisherKyoto UniversityActa Uro!' Jpn. 38: 699-702, 1992 699 PRIMARY LOCALIZED AMYLOIDOSIS OF THE RENAL PEL VIS COEXISTING WITH TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA: A CASE REPORT Miki ShiramizuD , Kaoru NakamuraD , Shiro Baba2), Yoji Katsuoka3) and Hidechika Kinoshita3) From the Department if Urology, [sehara Kyodo Hospital D , Keio University", Tokai University 3l Primary localized amyloidosis of renal pelvis is very rare, and only 12 cases have been report-ed. More than half of the reported cases were treated by nephrectomy, and the preoperative diag-nosis could not be made correctly because of its resemblance to renal pelvic tumor. The uretero-scopy is a useful diagnostic means in such a condition. This case is unusual in that a papillary transitional cell carcinoma was present coincidentally. (Acta Uro!' Jpn. 38: 699-702, 1992) Key words: Amyloidosis, Renal pelvis, Transitional cell carcinoma INTRODUCTION Primary localized amyloidosis is a rela-tively rare disease of obscure etiology char-acterized by extracellular deposition of amorphous eosinophilic fibrillar protein in various organs. This primary pathological change is uncommon and formed only 9% of 236 cases of amyloidosisD . The most common sites involved were bladder, lung, skin and larynx. Among the genitourinary tract, the bladder is the most frequently affected, and involvement of the upper urinary tract is less common. Herein, we report the 13th case of primary renal pel-vic amyloidosis along with a review of the relevant literature. CASE REPORT A 63-year-old woman visited our outpa-tient clinic on October, 1986, complaining of left flank pain and gross hematuria. Her previous medical history was unevent-ful, and physical examination revealed no significant abnormalities. On cystoscopic examination, there were no abnormal find-ings in the bladder. Urine cytology was negative. The renal ultrasonogram was grossly normal. An excretory urogram (IVP) demonstrated the irregular margin of left renal pelvis and calyces (Fig. IA). No stone shadow was recognized. The flank pain improved without treatment and gross hematuria discontinued. During eight months of follow up painless gross hematuria recurred intermittently in spite of negative urine cytology, so that she was admitted for further evaluation in June, 1987. Laboratory data showed no abnormal findings, except for microscopic hematuria, counting 40 to 50 red blood cells per high power field. A retrograde pyelogram (RP) revealed left hydronephrosis and ob-struction at the outlet of renal pelvis and the upper ureter (Fig. IB). There was no tumor in the bladder, and ureteral brush-ing cytology was not significant. Ureter-oscopic examination was carried out to confirm the presence of a tumor. A 12.5 F ureteroscope was inserted into the left ureter with ease. There was no abnormal finding in the lower or middle ureter. A small papillary tumor was seen at the out-let of the renal pelvis and was biopsied with a cold punch. The specimen showed papillary proliferation of well differentiat-ed transitional cells with mild nuclear aty-pia, which was diagnosed as transitional cell carcinoma grade 1 (Fig. 2). in July, 1987, left nephroureterectomy was performed. There was conspicuous 700 Acta Urol. Jpn. Vol. 38, No.6, 1992 inflammatory adhesion around pelvis and the upper ureter. node swelling was recogn ized. the renal No lymph-On gross examination of resected speci-men, marked hemorrhage was present in the renal pelvis. Its surface was covered with dark brown "jelly" like material con-tinuing to the pyeloureteric junction (Fig. 3). On microscopic examination, massive amyloid deposition in the submucosa of the renal pelvis was observed. Atypical hyperplasia of transitional epithelium was noted (Fig. 4) . The amyloid was positive for Congo-red staining and immunohisto-lA I B Fig. I A: I VP showed left hydronephrosis and obstruction at the outlet of renal pelvis. B: Left retrograde pyelogram demonstrated the stricture between the outlet of renal pelvis and the up-per ureter. Fig . 2. Histological section of biopsy specimen showed papillary proliferation of well differentiated transitional cells with mild nuclear atypia. HE stain. Fig. 3. The surface of the renal pelvis was covered with fragile jelly-like material. Fig. 4. Microscopic examination of resected specimen demonstrated marked deposit of amyloid in the renal pelvic mucosa. Congo-red stain. chemically positive for lambda chain, but negative for kappa chain and AA protein (biochemically related to and acute phase alpha-l globulin and associated with chron-ic inflammatory condition). No deposit of amyloid was noted In the artery or glomeruli in the renal parenchyma. Postoperative course was uneventful. Subsequent rectal biopsy was negative for amyloid. Postoperatively she has contin-ued to do well. DISCUSSION Amyloidosis represents the clinical ex-pression of extracelluar deposits of the eo-sinophilic and amorphous proteinaceous material, which may be systemic or locali-zed In distribution. The etiology and pathogenesis of primary localized amyloido-sis remains obscure. A recent study using Shiramizu, et al.: Renal pelvic amyloidosis. Transitional cell carcinoma 701 Table I. Analysis of 12 reported cases of primary localized amyloido-sis of renal pelvis Author Age, Sex Symptom year Akimoto N.A. N.A. 1927 Gilbert et al 52,F flank pain 1952 Sato 37,M hematuria 1957 flank pain Chisholm et al 66,M hematuria 1967 58,F none Gardner et al 39,F hematuria 1971 flank pain Ullman 58,F hematuria 1973 flank pain Dias et al 67,F hematuria 1979 Gelbard et al 67,M hematuria 1980 flank pain Fujibara et al 66,M hematuria 1981 Fox etal 81,M hematuria 1984 Murphyetal 76,F hematuria 1986 flank pain N .A. : not available UPJ : ureteropelvic junction the unlabelled immunoperoxidase method in combination with specific antisera against different chemical types of amyloid fibril proteins (AA, A lambda and A kap-pa), has shown the presence of A lambda antigenic fibril determinants in localized genitourinary amyloidosis and suggested that the fibrils are of immunocytic ori-gin2) Similarly, in our case, the amyloid deposit showed positive staining with an immunoglobulin light chain (lambda type) in immunohistochemistry. Primary localized amyloidosis of the gen-itourinary tract has been reported in less than 100 cases, in which the bladder is the most frequently affected site2). Localized amyloidosis of the renal pel vis is extremely rare, and only 12 cases were reported 3- 12) (Table 1). The most common symptoms were gross hematuria and flank pain. Gross hematuria was seen in almost all cases, and half the cases complained offlank pain on the affected side. Every case showed hydronephrosis and irregular de-fect of renal pelvis on IVP. These clinical features resemble the malignant tumor of Preoperative Operative diagnosis procedure N.A. NA. upper ureteral lesion nephrectomy intrapeovic calculus renal pelvic tumor nephrectomy N.A. exploration staghom calculus pyelotomy UPJ obstruction exploration N.A. nephrectomy UPJ obstruction nephrectomy UPJ extravasation nephrectomy renal pelvic tumor nephrectomy renal pelvic tumor nephrectomy renal pelvic tumor nephrectomy the upper urinary tract. The final diagno-sis has been made by following histopathol-ogic assessment, such as exploratory sur-gery or nephrectomy. Because an amyloid lesion of the genitourinary tract is rare, a correct diagnosis is difficult to make pre-operatively and may be confused with a neoplasm. These reported cases reaffirm the importance of considering this condi-tion in the differential diagnosis of pelvic disorders. There have been no reports about ure-teroscopy to confirm the diagnosis of renal pelvic amyloidosis as we did preoperative-ly. In our case, if a deeper layer specimen had been taken by ureteroscopic biopsy, the preoperative diagnosis of amyloidosis could have been established. Ureteroscopy and biopsy should be extremely helpful procedures in establishing the accurate diagnosis of benign ureteral lesions such as amyloidosis. Another interest which deserves special mention in this case is the coexistence of a papillary tumor and amyloidosis in one renoureteral unit. The papillary tUlllor 702 Acta Urol. Jpn. Vol. 38, No. 6, 1992was very small. The ureteral mucosa cov-ering the main lesion of amyloid deposit was apparently benign. Though the causal relationship between amyloid deposition and papillary tumor is not clearly under-stood, some inflammatory process may have occurred in the renal pelvis, and may have induced antigenic stimuli that pro-duced amyloid deposition and reactive atyp-ical hyperplasia of the urothelium which accelerated to cell dysplasia. In our case the amyloidosis was considered to be a primary, rather than secondary reaction to transitional cell carcinoma because the malignant lesion was small and was locali-zed in a portion different from the amylo-id deposit.             REFERENCES  1) Kyle RA and Bayrd  ED: Amyloidosis : re-   view of 236 cases. Medicine 54 : 271-299,    1975 2) Fujihara S and Glenner GG: Primary local-   ized amyloidosis of the genitourinary tract:     immunohistochemical study on eleven cases.    Lab Invest 44:  55-60, 1981  3) Gilbert LW and McDonald  JR  : Primary    amyloidosis of the renal pelvis and ureter:    report of  case. J Urol 68: 137-139,19524) Sato S: Primary amyloidosis of the renal    pelvis and ureter : report of a case. Act    Med Biol 5: 15-20, 1957 5) Chisholm GD, Cooter NBE and  Dawson  JM:    Primary amyloidosis of the renal pelvis. Br   J Med 1: 736-738, 1967 6) Akimoto K:  'Ober amyloidartige Eiweissnie-   derschlage im Nierenbecken. Beitr Pathol    Anat 78: 239-242, 1927 7) Gardner KD, Castellino RA, Kempson R,    et al.: Primary amyloidosis of the renal pel-   vis. N  Engl J Med 284: 1196-1198, 1971  81  Ullman AS: Primary amyloidosis of the re-   nal palvis: a case report and review of lit-   erature. Mich Med 72: 29-31, 1973 9) Dias R, Fernandes M, Patel RC, et al.:    Amyloidosis of renal pelvis and urinary    bladder. Urology 14: 401-404, 1979 10) Gelbard M and Johnson S: Primary amyloi-   dosis of the renal pelvis and renal cortical    adenoma. Urology 15: 614-617, 1980 11) Fox M, Hammond JC, Knox R, et al.: Lo-   calised primary amyloidosis of the renal    pelvis. Br J Urol 56: 223-224, 1984 12) Murphy MN, Alguacil-Garcia A and Mac-   Donald RG: Primary amyloidosis of renal    pelvis with duplicate collecting system.    Urology 27: 470-473, 1986            (Receivedon August 30,  1991  \  Accepted on November 1,  1991)和文抄録移行上皮癌が合併 した原発性限局性腎盂 ア ミロイ ドー シスの1例伊勢原協同病院泌尿器科(医長=中村 薫)白水 幹,中 村 薫慶応義塾大学医学部泌尿器科(主任:田崎 寛教授)馬 場 志 郎東海大学医学部泌尿器科学教室(主任:河村信夫教授)勝 岡 洋 治,木 下 英親腎盃の原発性限局性アミロイ ドーシスは稀な疾患であり,現在までに12例が報告されているに過ぎない.半数以上の報告例は腎摘によって治療されており,腎i益腫煽との類 似性のため術前診断をえることは難しい.尿 管鏡が診断に役立つと考えられる.本報告例は乳頭状移行上皮癌が合併 してい た点において稀である.(泌尿紀要38=699-702,1992)

移行上皮癌が合併した原発性限局性腎盂アミロイドーシスの1例

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移行上皮癌が合併した原発性限局性腎盂アミロイドーシスの1例

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