The struggle between Philip II sod his Aragonese subjects in 1591, has been the subject matter of a vast literature. Nonetheless, research is stagnated since, about tube middle of the nineteenth century, the marquis of Pidal interpreted the episode so the rising of a part of the nobility for the defence of their privileges, and coined the term "alteraciones de Aragón" to identify it. That thesis, reasserted nearly a hundred yearn after by Gregorio Marañón, is still prevailing today, although it suffers from several limitations, so the following article explains. In addition, it outlines the main aims of a research that pretends to set up the significance of the 1591 uprising weaving it in its historical context and studying rigorously the great number of documents it produced
