In structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil structures, data compression is often needed to reduce the cost of data transfer and storage, because of the large volumes of sensor data generated from the monitoring system. The traditional framework for data compression is to first sample the full signal and, then to compress it. Recently, a new data compression method named compressive sampling (CS) that can acquire the data directly in compressed form by using special sensors has been presented. In this article, the potential of CS for data compression of vibration data is investigated using simulation of the CS sensor algorithm. For reconstruction of the signal, both wavelet and Fourier orthogonal bases are examined. The acceleration data collected from the SHM system of Shandong Binzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge is used to analyze the data compression ability of CS. For comparison, both the wavelet-based and Huffman coding methods are employed to compress the data. The results show that the values of compression ratios achieved using CS are not high, because the vibration data used in SHM of civil structures are not naturally sparse in the chosen bases
