Askew, R. R.

Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert

Two new species of 
ldiomacromerus Crawf ord 
(Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, 
Torymidae) from Spain 
R. R. Askew 
Askew, R. R., 1997. Two new species of ldiomacromerus Crawford (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, 
Toryrnidae) from Spain. Misc. Zool., 20.2: 65-70. 
Two new species o f  ldiomacromerus Crawford (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Torymidae) from 8pain.- 
Two new species of ldiomacromerus are described frorn the Monegros region. One species, l. conicollis, 
has a conical pronotum and is partly brachypterous, the first example of wing reduction to be recorded 
in Torymidae; the second species, 1. longicornis, is a parasitoid in cecidomyiid (Diptera) galls on Salsola 
and is characterized by long antennae and ovipositor and a bicoloured thorax. 
Key words: Hyrnenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Torymidae, ldiomacromerus conicollis n. sp. ldiomacromerus 
longicornis n. sp., Brachyptery. 
(Rebut: 2 1 111 97; Acceptació condicional: 13 V 97; Acc. definitiva: 3 VI 97) 
R. R. Askew, 5 Beeston Hall Mews, Beeston, Tarporley, Cheshire CW6 9TZ, England. 
ISSN: 021 1-6529 O 1997 Museu de Zoologia l 
66 Askew 
lntrodudion 
Most of the twenty-three already known 
Palaearctic species of ldiomacromerus 
Crawford, 1914 were originally described in 
Liodontomerus Gahan, 1914, the latter be- 
ing a junior synonym of ldiomacromerus by 
81 days (GRISSELL, 1995). 
In this paper two interesting new species 
are described, one of which provides the first 
recorded instance of brachyptery in Tory- 
midae. Both new species were found by J. 
Blasco-Zumeta in the Retuerta de Pina in the 
Monegros region (Zaragoza) of Spain. 
Descriptions of new species 
ldiomacromerus conicollis n. sp. (figs. 3-5) 
Female 
Body brown, weakly metallic with mainly 
violet reflections, weak green reflections 
from head and scutellum; antenna and legs 
brown with bases and apices of tibiae, and 
tarsal segments 1-3(4) stramineous; forewing 
brownish at base and in a transverse band 
below parastigma. Length including oviposi- 
tor 1.8-2.3 mm (ovipositor 0.27-0.30 mm). 
Head in dorsal view 2.1 times as broad as 
long, 1.6 times as broad as mesoscutum; in 
facial view 1.05 times as broad as high. Ocelli 
small, posterior ocellus separated from ad- 
jacent orbit by over twice its diameter. Eye 
twice as long as malar space. Face below 
toruli with rather sparse, short, scale-like 
hairs. Lower edge of torulus above level of 
lower ocular line. Scape not reaching ante- 
rior ocellus; combined length of pedicel plus 
flagellum (fig. 4) 1.13 times breadth of head; 
pedicel twice as long as broad; flagellum 
clavate, the first and second segments 
anelliform, transverse; six funicle segments, 
the first (FI) narrower than pedicel and F2 
but with sensillae, al1 funicles at least slightly 
transverse, each with a single transverse row 
of sensillae; clava slightly more than twice 
as long os broad. Mouth opening 1.45 times 
malar space. Occipital carina distinct (but 
weak) above foramen magnum. 
Mesosoma in dorsal view 2.2 times as 
long as broad, shining, with weak and 
rather open reticulate sculpture, sparsely 
pubescent; pronotum conical with sides 
evenly but shallowly convex, medially fully 
half length of mesoscutum; notauli shallow 
posteriorly, intercepting posterior margin of 
mesoscutum at or very slightly mesad of 
scutello-axillary sutures; scutellum about 
1.1 5 times as long as broad, transversely 
vaulted; propodeum medially 0.6 times 
length of scutellum, smooth with a few 
short anterior carinulae, no spiracular sul- 
cus. Mesosoma in profile (fig. 3) almost twice 
as long as high with dorsal surfaces of 
pronotum and mesoscutum smoothly join- 
ing; pronotum conical, anterior margin of 
front coxal insertion almost equidistant from 
foramen magnum and mesoscutal dorsum, 
scutellum gibbous. Front femur stout, 
2.7 times as long as broad; hind femur 3.8 times 
as long as broad; hind tibia with only a 
single apical spur discernible. 
Wings more or less shortened, forewing 
(figs. 3, 5) varying between reaching only 
apex of first gastral tergite, to  extending to  
the f i f th gastral tergite (as in holotype); 
lengths (in type) of costal cell: marginal 
vein: stigmal vein: postmarginal vein as 
210:114:23:7 [in highly brachypterous speci- 
mens (fig. 3), the wing beyond the stigma is 
especially shortened]; speculum large, closed 
below only distally; basal vein with 2-4 hairs; 
cubital vein beneath basal cell with 1-6 hairs. 
Gaster (excluding oviposítor) about 
0.85 times as long as rest of body; tergites 
with weak sculpture, not apically excised; 
TI constricted; hypopygium at about half 
gastral length; ovipositor just over one quar- 
ter length of rest of gaster. 
Male 
Resembles female in colour. All four ex- 
amples seen are highly brachypterous. Eye 
normal, 2.15 times as long as malar 
space. Antenna with flagellum clavate, nar- 
row basally with third flagellar segment 
anelliform, lacking sensillae. 
Holotype 
9, Spain, Zaragoza, Pina de Ebro, Retuerta 
de Pina, 10 V 1992, pitfall trap with vinegar, 
J. Blasco Zumeta leg. Deposited in the Natu- 
ral History Museum (London). 
Paratypes 
69 18, same data as holotype; 39 38, as 
holotype except that collected 25 IV 1992, J. 
Miscel.lania Zoologica 20.2 (1997). 67 
.y;; ?.:; , . p , > ,  :,,. ,:<,,:.,;*: . . / 
, 7 ,  <,,.,. ,, 
, t.3 c.,.. . , ,,::' 2 
Figs. 1-5. ldiomacromerus longicornis n. sp.: 1. Body of female from left; 2. Left pedicel 
and flagellum. ldiomacromerus conicollis n. sp.: 3. Body of brachypterous female 
from left; 4. Left pedicel and flagellum; 5. Right forewing of macropterous specimen 
(scale as in figure 3). 
ldiomacromerus longicornis sp. n.: 1. Cuerpo de hembra por la izquierda; 2. Pedicelo 
y flagelum izquierdos. ldiomacromerus conicollis sp. n.: 3. Cuerpo de hembra braquiptera 
por la izquierda; 4. Pedicelo y flagellum izquierdos; 5. Ala anterior derecha de un 
especimen macróptero (escala como en la figura 3). 
Blasco-Zumeta leg. Deposited in the Natural Additional material 
History Museum (London), Royal Museum of One 9, same locality as holotype, collected in 
Scotland (Edinburgh) and the author's col- a Malaise trap emptied 24 V 1991, J. Blasco- 
lection. Zumeta leg. This specimen is not included in 
68 Askew 
the type series because i t  differs in having 
almost fully-developed wings (fig. 5) with their 
apices almost reaching apical margin of T5, 
and stronger body sclerotisation with head 
greenish, pronotum yellowish and only weakly 
metallic, and rest of thorax with purplish to  
greenish reflections. Ratio of vein lengths 
marginal: stigmal: postmarginal as 170:38:73. 
Discussion 
The relatively long marginal vein in the holo- 
type, 3.1 times as long as the postmarginal 
vein, does not accord with GRISSELL'S (1995) 
characterization of Idiomacromerus, but the 
shorter marginal vein (2.3 times post- 
marginal) in the more normal-winged 
specimen taken in a Malaise trap, together 
with the weak development of the occipi- 
tal carina, and other characters, indicate 
that the new species is attributable to  
Idiomacromerus. 
In this genus, l. conicollis is distinguish- 
able by its indistinct, weak and shining body 
sculpture combined with a long and conical 
pronotum. Only l. splendidus (Szelényi) has 
similar shining sculpturation (in other de- 
scribe species, head and thorax are densely, 
strongly reticulate and dull), but  i t s  
pronotum is not conical and i t  has a poste- 
rior collar region with, in dorsal view, 
subparallel sides. The conical pronotum of l. 
conicollis i s  a feature shared, to a greater or 
lesser degree, with l. nitens (Bou ... ek) and l. 
lysander (Szelényi), but both of these latter 
species have dense and dull body sculpture. 
Biology 
Brachypterous forms have not, to my knowl- 
edge, been previously reported in Torymidae. 
In l. conicollis wing development is variable 
to  the extent that some individual are able 
to  fly whilst others can not. The host of l. 
conicollis is unknown but is probably either 
subterranean or found on the surface of the 
ground and it may, since most of the mate- 
rial was captured in pitfall traps charged 
with vinegar, be associated with acetic acid. 
ldiomacromerus longicornis n. sp. (figs. 1, 2) 
Female 
Head metallic bronze green; scape varying 
from pale only at base t o  testaceous with 
only apex of dorsal surface darkened; tho- 
rax bicoloured, reddish yellow and metallic 
bronze-green, the extent of  pale colora- 
t i on  variable, i n  dark specimens (as 
holotype) restricted to  small patches on 
the prothorax in front of the spiracles and 
t o  just below the wing insertions, in 
pale specimens occupying al1 of the thorax 
(but no part of the head) except the 
mesopleuron and the antero-median part 
of the mesoscutum. Forewing with elliptical 
brown mark (sometimes faint) from stigma 
along dista1 edge of speculum. Legs reddish 
yellow in pale specimens, in dark specimens 
hind coxa and sometimes middle coxa 
metallic. Gaster non-metallic, brownish, with 
broad transverse yellow stripes which are 
reduced to  spots in dark specimens. Length 
including ovipositor 3.0-5.0 mm ovipositor 
(1.4-2.4 mm). 
Head in dorsal view 1.8 times as broad 
as long, 1.1 times as broad as mesoscutum; 
in facial view 1.13 times as broad as high. 
Eye about 3.4 times as long as malar 
space. Face below toruli with conspicuous, 
flattened, white, scale-like hairs which are 
also on inner orbits and lateral margins of 
scrobes. Lower edges of toruli distinctly be- 
low level of lower ocular line. Scape not 
reaching anterior ocellus; combined length 
of pedicel plus flagellum (fig. 2) 1.3 times 
breadth of head; pedicel in profile almost 
three times as long as broad; first flagellar 
segment anelliform, transverse to  quadrate; 
second flagellar segment slightly longer 
than broad almost as broad as third seg- 
ment and with one or two linear sensillae 
(in small specimens the second flagellar 
segment may be anelliform, lacking 
sensillae, and much smaller than third flag- 
ellar segment); flagellar segments 3- 
8 longer than broad, separated by short 
peduncles and not compacted, each with 
two irregular transverse rows of sensillae; 
clava ovate, 2.8 times as long as broad. Mouth 
opening 1.5 times malar space. Occipital 
carina absent. 
Thorax in dorsal view 1.4 times as long as 
broad with strong, dense, dull reticulate 
sculpture and white scale-like pubescence; 
notauli intercept posterior margin of 
mesoscutum laterad of scutello-axillary su- 
tures, scutellum slightly longer than 
broad. Propodeum (fig. 1) short, medially 
Miscel.lania Zoologica 20.2 (1997) 69 
less than 0.2 times length of scutellum, very Additional material 
weakly reticulate with several, short, ante- Same locality as holotype and paratypes, 
rior, longitudinal carinulae. Front femur 29 in Malaise trap ernptied 20 VI 1991, 
3.4times, hind femur 3.3 times as long as 16" in colour water trap 7 VI 1991, 29 
broad; hind tibia with two apical spurs, the swept from Thapsia villosa L. 1 VI 1991, 
inner almost as long as apical width of tibia, 19 swept from Santolina chamaecyparissus 
the outer hardly half length of inner. L. 28 V 1992 (al1 J. Blasco-Zumeta leg.). 
Forewing (fig. 1) with lengths costal cell: 
marginal vein: stigmal vein: postmarginal Discussion 
vein as 80:29:12:16. Cubital hair row com- l. longicornis differs from other species be- 
plete beneath basal cell and speculum; ba- longing t o  ldiomacromerus and listed by 
sal vein and cell pilose; speculum moder- GRISSELL (1995) in having an elongated 
ately large; space between stigma and flagellum with just a single anellus (at least 
postmarginal vein bare. 
Gaster (fig. 1) elongated, excluding ovi- 
positor about 1.2 times as long as rest of  
body; tergites alutaceous with apical mar- 
gin of  T I  excised (in dried specimens TI-T3 
appear excised but this is an artefact of  
gastral shrinkage and pigmentation of the 
tergites; dissections show that only T I  is 
excised). 
Male 
Varies in colour like the female; wings 
hyaline. Hairs on head and thorax shorter 
and sparser than in femále and not scale- 
like. Eyes small, only about 1.4 times as 
long as malar space. Antennal flagellum 
in larger specimens), reduced male eyes, and 
excision first gastral tergite in female. The 
long ovipositor is a character which l. 
longicornis shares with l. terebrator (Masi) 
and l. longfellowi Girault but i t differs from 
both of these in having a more elongated 
flagellum and partly pale-marked thorax. 
Biology 
Material included in the type series was 
al1 reared from galls o f  the cecidomyiid 
Stefaniola salsolae developing on Salsola 
vermiculata. Several other parasitoids 
were reared from galls o f  this midge, 
including Ormyrus monegricus Askew and 
Mesopolobus maculipennis (Mercet), but l. 
very narrow proximally, gradually expand- longicornis was easily the most numerous. 
ing distally and equalling width of pedi- ldiomacromerusspecies have been reared 
cel at flagellar segment 5; clava about 3.0 as parasitoids of phytophagous Eury- 
times as long as broad. tomidae and of gallicolous Cynipidae, but 
rarely [l. balasi (Szelényi)] of  Cecidomyii- 
Holotype dae (GRISSELL, 1995). 
One 9, Spain, Zaragoza, Pina de Ebro, 
Retuerta de Pina, reared from gall of  
Stefaniola salsolae (Tavares) collected 
19 1 1992 from Salsola vermiculata L., J. 
Blasco-Zumeta leg. Deposited in the Natu- 
ral History Museum (London). 
Paratypes 
Five 9 156" same data as holotype; also 
same data except di f ferent gall collect- 
ion dates 89 46" ex galls collected 
22 Vlll 1991, 79 166" ex galls collected 
28 Vlll 1991, 79 116" ex galls collected 
9 1 1  1992, 59 5 8  ex galls collected 
22 V 1992, 16" ex gall collected 13 V 1993 
(al1 J. Blasco-Zumeta leg.). Deposited in 
the Natural History Museum (London), 
Royal Museum of Scotland (Edinburgh) 
and the author's collection. 
Resumen 
Dos nuevas especies de ldiomacromerus 
Crawford (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, 
Torymidae) de España 
Se describen dos nuevas especies de 
ldiomacromerus de la región de los Mone- 
gros. Una de ellas, l. conicollis, tiene un 
pronoto cónico y es parcialmente braquíp- 
tera, el primer ejemplo de reducción de las 
alas mencionado en los Torymidae (figs. 3-5). 
La segunda especie, l. longicornis, es un 
parasitoide de agallas de cecidomíidos 
(Diptera) en ejemplares de Salsola y se ca- 
racteriza por sus largas antenas y ovipositor 
y un tórax bicolor (figs. 1, 2). 
70 Askew 
Acknowledgements Ref erence 
My indebtedness to  J. Blasco-Zumeta, for GRISSELL, E. E., 1995. Torymina ( Hymenoptera: 
making available his remarkable collections Chalcidoidea: Torymidae) a redefinition, 
from the Retuerta de Pina. My thanks also to  genericclassification, and annotated world 
Dr. 2. Bou ... ek for his helpful comments on catalog of species. Memoirson Entomoloqy 
the material here described. International, 2: 1-470. 


Two new species od Idiomacromerus Crawford (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Torymidae) from Spain

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