The efforts of the Leopold Center Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Issue Team were augmented and advanced through collaboration with Practical Farmers of Iowa (PFI). Using a program of on-farm research, demonstrations, and farm field days, the project evaluated two methods that refine IPM by providing biological control options and/or more precise information about effective (as opposed to gross) pest infestation levels. Biological controls of alfalfa weevil and European corn borer were tested
