Smith, Phillip

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The Current Usage of DDGS and Corn Oil in Poultry Diets Phillip Smith Ph.D. P.A.S. 17th Distillers Grains Symposium  Bloomington, MN  May 15 & 16, 2013   “The greatest dilemma that the (animal) agriculture industry has faced in the last 50 years is ethanol and corn prices”           Rod Smith, Feedstuffs,  December 2006 The outline of my presentation today: • Basics of ethanol production and co-products • Production and Usage estimates of DDGS • List the locations currently using DDGS • Typical analysis • Effects of reduced oil DDGS – reduced calorie • Corn oil from DDGS  • Practical concerns and DDGS spec. sheet • Future opportunities Dry Milling Fuel Ethanol Process Mid-Missouri Energy Ethanol Plant         Malta Bend, MO  0.05.010.015.020.025.030.035.02000 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2010Million TonsYearU.S.DDGS Outlook   Potential domestic use of DDGS Potential DDGS Demand051015202530Catfish Layers Broilers Swine Ruminant TotalMillion TonsTyson Mills Currently Using Distillers • South Fulton, TN       April 2004 • Robards, KY              April 2004 • Ramsey, IN                February 2005 • Pine Bluff, AR (Blending)               February 2005 • Cullman, AL (Blending)                           February 2005  • Sedalia, MO               March 2005 • Bergman, AR             March 2005 • Gonzales, TX             April 2005 • Estill Springs, TN       July 2005 • Fairmount, GA           July 2005 • Aurora, MO                July 2005 • Clarksville, AR           August 2005 • Pottsville, AR                                             August 2005 • Nacogdoches, TX                                      July  2005 • Springdale, AR                                          April 2006  • Westville, OK                                             June 2006 • New Market, VA                                         July 2006      • Neshoba County, MS                                July 2006 • Hope, AR                                                    November 2006 • Nashville, AR                                             November 2006  • Grannis, AR                                               November 2006 • Currently in all 30Tyson Mills                       May 2013 4346474953586462 6262686471747877808584848382848685858585888688909089899090848480787674727169696968677072686279102030405060708090100J-08O-08J-09A-09J-09O-09J-10A-10J-10O-10J-11A-11J-11O-11J-12A-12J-12O-12J-13% Broiler Complexes Using DDGS % 4.24.44.54.24.24.74.34.64.64.65.15.25.25.05.44.95.55.55.45.75.85.96.16.15.96.06.16.26.56.97.58.18.28.07.87.87.77.87.77.67.36.96.66.56.26.15.95.96.16.16.26.25.96.16.13.04.05.06.07.08.09.0J-08O-08J-09A-09J-09O-09J-10A-10J-10O-10J-11A-11J-11O-11J-12A-12J-12O-12J-13Broiler Average Inclusion of DDGS % For Only those using: Range 1% – 18%  Average Nutrient Spec for DDGS Calories lb/kg 1224/2693 Protein 29.69 Lysine 0.87 TSAA 1.05 Trp 0.23 Arg 1.34 Thr 1.06 A.Phos 0.44 Calcium 0.08 Sodium 0.17 Nutritional composition of DDGS        Tyson Samples 2013 Component        Min.             Max.          Average                          % Moisture                12.28            18.44         14.75 Crude protein        26.94            31.46         29.45 Crude fat                 4.49            11.47           7.58 Crude fiber              5.68              7.41           6.49                                Ash                          3.74              7.97           5.46    Data from 837 DDGS samples from 50 plants             Corn Oil Extraction? Dr. Bob Loar’s comments • Been happening for some time (since 2005) • Currently more than half the industry deoiling to some degree • Extraction rate hasn’t been that extreme • Rapid expansion due to fat/oil price and technology  De-Oil DDGS  Dr. Bob Loar’s comments • Practices typically involve a centrifugation step performed on the condensed distillers  solubles (syrup) • Results in a DDGS product with a lower crude fat value and subsequent calorie value • Extraction process can be modified to create different fat levels of de-oiled DDGS  (7% or 5% oil content) • Oil is an excellent source of energy in livestock and poultry diets • Increases variability of fat content in DDGS by plant and within  individual plants    Calorie Value of Reduced Oil DDGS? • Research conducted at Iowa State Univ. showed a one percent reduction in oil in DDGS lowered AMEn by 45.6 Kcals per pound (IPSF Abst. M23 2013) • Research conducted at Univ. of Georgia showed lowering the oil content from 10% to 5% reduced the TMEn value 16.5% (38.6 Kcals/lb per 1% drop in oil content) (IPSF Abst. T112 2013)    How does the de-oiling effect DDGS value?  • If the price of fat is $0.40 per pound and we remove 1% oil from  a ton of DDGS that we be 20 pounds of fat times $0.40 per pound or $8.00 per ton reduction in value  • While this is not completely correct it is one way of looking at the effect of de-oiling.     Prediction equations for TMEn DDGS (86% DM basis per Kg)   TMEn= 2732.7 + 36.4 (fat) – 73.6 (fiber) + 14.5 (protein) – 26.2 (ash)    Batal and Dale 2006 J. Appl. Poultry Res 15:89-93                    Corn oil from DDGS C Corn Oil Assay Results  • Linoleic acid                      53.30% • Monounsaturated fat        27.76% • Polyunsaturated fat          56.13% • Saturated Fat                     15.24% • Free Fatty Acids                  4.69% • Insolubles                           <0.01% • Moisture                                0.72% • OSI                                         8.20 hr • AME calculated   3900-4000 Kcals/lb                                    Practical issues with Distillers • Logistics  • Truck vs Rail • Reliance on one plant • Bin/rail track allocation at mills • Consistency  • Moisture levels • Mycotoxins  • Pellet quality Potential uses of DDGS in broiler diets continued: • The usage of distillers will depend on whether it will cost into the ration when the formulas are optimized – Competition from other ingredients – Consistency – Nutrient value    DDGS Specification Sheet • Consistent high quality – Free flowing – Absence of syrup balls – Golden color • Minolta Color Lightness L>50 • Minolta Color Yellowness b>40.0 •    Novus IDEA value for Lysine dig. >65%  Acceptable Mycotoxin Levels in DDGS • Fumonisin - Max. 30 ppm • Vomitoxin -  Max. 10 ppm • Aflatoxin   -  Only utilize corn with a maximum of 20 ppb of aflatoxin in the ethanol processing plant. • Zearalenone – no standard set DDGS Specification Sheet   • Moisture  max.               15.00%  • Crude protein min.             24% • Crude fat                          4.5-12%                          • Crude fiber max.                8.50 • Sodium                        0.15-.30% • Phosphorus (total)    0.70-0.80% Summary  • DDGS with low, medium, and high oil effecting calorie value and subsequent usage • Consistency between suppliers/plants is affecting product image • Corn oil from DDGS process is a valuable energy source • Economics will determine the future usage of DDGS and Corn Oil in poultry feeds  Thank You for your attention  • Phillip Smith      Tyson Foods, Inc       (479)290-4795        phillip.smith@tyson.com 

The Current Usage of DDGS and Corn Oil in Poultry Diets

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The Current Usage of DDGS and Corn Oil in Poultry Diets

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