A system-based approach to assessing the value of wind is based on the definition of the subsystems that lie inside the system boundary, then the categories in each subsystem, and finally the elements that compose those categories.
The subsystems that were identified as affecting the value of wind are:
• technology, including research, development and demonstration (RD&D), technology spillover and materials;
• the energy sector, including the electricity market and electricity system categories, the security and economic aspects of security of supply and the wider non-electricity energy market;
• the wind energy market, including industrial activities and the cost of wind energy and its support, for example, in the form of subsidies, grants, taxes, fees and levies, and by the financial sector;
• the broader economy, including electricity generation technology investment, government actions and industrial competitiveness;
• social, covering employment, the impact on land or the sea, social acceptance, non-economic costs of administration, anti-wind campaigns, health and safety issues;
• environmental categories, including life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, water use and land and water surface.
The result is a guide that could be used by analysts and practitioners of policy-support theory and practice to define which subsystems, categories and/or elements they decide to include in a prospective analysis of the value (and the impact) of wind for society.JRC.F.6-Energy Technology Policy Outloo
