Mayer, Ralf

Sprong, Kevin

Townsend, Brian

Scholarly Materials And Research @ Georgia Tech

1F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.Descend-Via Lessons Learned and Benefits of MAIER and EAGUL RNAV Arrival Operations at Phoenix Sky Harbor International AirportRalf MayerBrian TownsendKevin SprongCNS Task Force MeetingDallas-Fort Worth18 April 2007F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.2Outline• PHX RNAV STAR Implementation– MAIER ONE RNAV STAR and EAGUL ONE RNAV STAR• Vertical guidance / descend-via arrival operations• Implementation date: 10 October 2006• Implementation Lessons Learned– Mixed Jet/Turboprop operations• Center/TRACON coordination – Vertical and speed profiles• Route-based vs. ATC assigned altitudes/speeds• Initial Implementation Benefits– VNAV/descend-via arrival operations• Improved descent continuity  ⇒ fuel burn and flight time benefitsF083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.3PHX RNAV STAR DesignsEAGULMAIERLateraland vertical guidance …… descend-via operations effectively apply to aircraft transitioning on the “long fix” for a particular landing configurationPHX RNAV Equipage: 87%F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.4Implementation Lessons Learned (1 of 2)• Discussion: Air Traffic Control (ATC) will clear pilots to fly departure, arrival, and approach procedures, using phraseology such as “join”, “resume”, “proceed via”, “descend via”, and “climb via.” Pilots should understand the following key points regarding published altitude and speed constraints in order to fully comply with the intent of these clearances. • Cancellation of constraints– Altitude constraints• Cancellation of one or more altitude restrictions will normally include the use of “maintain” and/or “except” phraseology, which does not cancel published speed constraints associated with the procedure.– Speed constraints• Cancellation of published speed constraints will be indicated by the use of “speed your discretion” or “cancel speed restriction(s)/constraint(s)” phraseology. The use of “except” phraseology may also be used, for example, “except cross MAVVS at 250 knots.”F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.5Implementation Lessons Learned (2 of 2)• Resume normal speed– The phraseology “resume normal speed” does not cancel published speed constraints; rather, per Air Traffic Order 7110.65 Air Traffic Control, it cancels speed constraints previously issued by ATC and returns the aircraft to the published speed for the procedure.• Speeds between waypoints with published speed constraints– Departure and missed approach procedures • Pilots should not exceed published speeds associated with a waypoint until passing that waypoint.– Arrival and instrument approach procedures (excluding missed approach procedures)• Pilots should plan to cross waypoints with a published speed restriction in accordance with the published speed and should not normally exceed this speed after passing the associated waypoint unless authorized by ATC or published note.F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.6Initial Implementation Benefits• Initial Operational Evaluation– Radar data (VMC)• Pre-implementation data– 27, 29 September and  2, 4, 9 October 2006• Post-implementation data– 11, 14, 16, 17, 27 November and 1 December 2006– Operational benefits associated with VNAV/descend-via arrival operations• Improved descent continuity  ⇒ fuel burn and flight time benefitsF083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.7Pre-Implementation Arrival OperationsCOYOT> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColor BUNTR> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColorPHX PHXMAIER ONE STAR routeEAGUL ONE STAR route4 October 2006F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.8Post-Implementation All Arrival OperationsMAIER> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColor EAGUL> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColorPHXMAIER ONE STAR routeBRUSR12000/250EDDNA8000/180HOKEY9000/210HOMRR12000/250BRUSRHOKEYEDDNAPHXEAGUL ONE STAR routeHOMRRBADNEBADNE9000QUENY8000/210QUENY27 November 2006F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.9Post-ImplementationRNAV Arrival OperationsMAIER> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColor EAGUL> 24,00010,000 – 24,0008,000 – 10,0006,000 – 8,0004,000 – 6,0002,000 – 4,000< 2,000Altitude (ft MSL)TrackColorPHXBRUSR12000/250EDDNA8000/180HOKEY9000/210HOMRR12000/250BRUSRHOKEYEDDNAPHXHOMRRBADNEBADNE9000QUENY8000/210QUENY27 November 2006F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.10Descent Profile Analysis• Operational changes– Shorter average level flight segment at 8000 ft– Longer average level flight segment at 9000 ft• Key results– About 77-second reduction in level flight time at 8000 and 9000 ft– About 23% reduction in level flight time entering/in TRACONTime in Level Flight (s)Scenario4285Post-Implementation9195Baseline9000 ft8000 ft0204060801001201401601802000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000Altitude (FT MSL)Time at Altitude (s)Baseline0204060801000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000Altitude  SL)Time at Altitude (s)BaselinePost-ImplementationF083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.11PHX Descend-Via Benefits• Observed Operational Changes– VNAV/Descend-via operations ⇒more continuous descent profiles• Fuel burn– Reduced time in level flight, i.e. more continuous descent profiles• Flight time– Flight crew, maintenance– Estimated annual user benefit ⇒ $2.4M per year• Potential Operational Changes– RNAV STARs for arrivals from the South   ⇒ $1.9M per year– Increased VNAV Usage at PHX                    ⇒ $0.9M per year– Potential total benefit at PHX                       ⇒ $5.3M per year• Note– Preliminary evaluation– Full realization of benefits requires that reductions in level flight at low altitudes enable extended flight at cruising altitudes F083-B07-014© 2007 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved.12rmayer@mitre.orgThankYou

Descend-Via Lessons Learned and Benefits of MAIER and EAGUL RNAV Arrival Operations at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport

https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/1853/34278/1/CDA_WorkShop_5_CNS_TF_PHX_RNAV_STAR_Benefits.pdf

Descend-Via Lessons Learned and Benefits of MAIER and EAGUL RNAV Arrival Operations at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport

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