Agents potentially involved in the aetiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease are discussed. These include factors regulating dopaminergic neurogenesis (Nurr 1, Ptx-3, and Lmx1b) and related proteins, together with genes involved in familial Parkinson's disease (α synuclein, parkin, and ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydroxylase L1), and endogenous and environmental agents.published_or_final_versio