We present the sequencing and annotation of the Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis genome, an etiological agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon region of Brazil. L. (L.) amazonensis shares features with Leishmania (L.) mexicana but also exhibits unique characteristics regarding geographical distribution and clinical manifestations of cutaneous lesions (e.g. borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis). Predicted genes were scored for orthologous gene families and conserved domains in comparison with other human pathogenic Leishmania spp. Carboxypeptidase, aminotransferase, and 3'-nucleotidase genes and ATPase, thioredoxin, and chaperone-related domains were represented more abundantly in L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two species share groups of amastin surface proteins unique to the genus that could be related to specific features of disease outcomes and host cell interactions. Additionally, we describe a hypothetical hybrid interactome of potentially secreted L. (L.) amazonensis proteins and host proteins under the assumption that parasite factors mimic their mammalian counterparts. the model predicts an interaction between an L. (L.) amazonensis heat-shock protein and mammalian Toll-like receptor 9, which is implicated in important immune responses such as cytokine and nitric oxide production. the analysis presented here represents valuable information for future studies of leishmaniasis pathogenicity and treatment.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, EPM UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilLNBio CNPEM, Lab Nacl Biociencias, Campinas, SP, BrazilLGE UNICAMP, Lab Genom & Expressao, Campinas, SP, BrazilInst Agron Campinas, Ctr Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Recursos Geneti Ve, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, BrazilUniv N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USAUniv Fed Minas Gerais, ICB UFMG, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Biol Geral, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, EPM UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, BrazilFAPESP: 07/50551-2FAPESP: 10/19335-4Web of Scienc
