By the early 1960\u27s it was obvious that all of Africa would shortly be free of colonial domination. The British and the French had withdrawn; the Spanish seemed hardly aware of their small territories; and cracks were already showing in the Portuguese regime, which was having to contend with an increasingly severe independence struggle in Angola and Mozambique. A few thorns remained to be plucked from the colonial flesh, Rhodesia being the most awkward, and only the ingenuous would claim that all vestiges of European authority vanished with the lowering of flags. A new Africa had emerged, however. Were the former imperial capitals to forget about it all, retaining only statues and anthems as relics of their domain, or would a practical means be found of continuing the associations with Africa by educational and cultural contact
