Bister, Viet Huong

Busse, Gerhard

Ehbing, Hubert

Haberstroh, Edmund

Predak, Sabine

Sododov, Igor Y.

Voehringer, Marc C.

English

Kuvaeva, T.

Reshetilova, T.

eLibrary National Mining University

Kuvaeva T.T. Reshetilova, research supervisor National Mining UniversityCOMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONSUMERPROPERTIES OF DRYERS FOR THE WOODWORKING INDUSTRYOver the last 15-20 years there were significant changes in the organization,equipment and technology of wood drying. If before the main volume of wooddrying fell  on the large woodworking and sawing enterprises where big dryingplant were constructed, now 80 % of wood are processed at the small enterpriseswhich needs can be satisfied by one or two chambers in loading capacity of 10cubic meters. At the same time, the market makes more and more rigid requirements forthe  quality  of  wood products  that  assumes  lack  of  defects  of  chamber  drying:cracking, buckling and change of wood color.The presence of these defects leads to lower quality of a lumber and inabilityto use of the dried-up wood for the production of high-quality furniture and joiner'sproducts.  Drying  chambers  previously  created  and  the  majority  of  newlyconstructed  work  with  the  use  of  "normal"  and  "hard"  drying  modes,  whichprovide wood "average quality" and "ordinary" with change of color, strength andother physical and mechanical properties. At the moment, the need of the woodworking enterprises for high-qualitydrying isn't satisfied.The main reason is the presence of a small amount of drying equipment witha "soft" mode of drying, which provides good drying while preserving the naturalphysical and mechanical properties of wood, its durability and color.In connection with the establishment of duties for export on round wood, itbecomes profitably to dry at low-temperature "soft" modes. Such technology givesthe chance to process wood deeply. If the wood processing is deeper, the highereconomic efficiency of the enterprise.The Ukrainian market of industrial dryers for wood is represented by 3 typesof drying technologies:• convective drying technology;• condensation drying technology;• vacuum drying technology.The convective way of drying is applied in the industry most widely. Mainlythis way is used by the medium-sized and big woodworking companies that have awaste for energy production. Dryers of this type are easy to use and don't requirespecial  service.  Woodworking  companies  can  use  waste  products  as  fuel.Convective dryers are much cheaper, easier in design and service than other dryers,but have big terms of wood drying and the high cost of electricity (in the absenceof alternative raw materials).  They provide a zero or  a third category of  wooddrying quality. These categories of quality should provide lumber with transporthumidity (16-20 %) and mechanical processing of wood for less responsible details(production of joiner's and construction products, container, etc.)Condensing dryers are used in the absence of a waste in the woodworkingprocess  and its  boiler  room.  Term of wood drying increases  by 1,5-2 times incomparison with the conventional dryers. Different types of condensing dryers forsoftwood and hardwood drying are developed. Electricity costs less than for othertypes  of  dryers,  but  increased  other  operational  costs  that  connected  with  themaintenance costs. Also these dryers mainly provide the third category of wooddrying quality. Today, on the industrial market of wood drying, only vacuum dryers are ableto provide the first and the second category of wood drying quality. It is a high-quality  drying.  Companies  which  focus  on  the  individual  needs  of  clients  usevacuum dryers. These are companies that produce exclusive furniture and joiner'sproducts from expensive breeds of wood. For these companies is important  thequality of the dried-up material, preservation of color and a wood structure, lack ofcracks  and  deformations.  Disadvantages  of  vacuum drying  is  the  high  cost  ofequipment, complexity of its operation and service, high unit cost of electricity thatmakes the high price of consumption of this equipment.New technology in the course of drying of wood is infrared dryers whichprovide high-quality drying of any breeds of wood to the desired final humiditywhile reducing drying time to 50% in comparison with convective and condensingdryers.Infrared  drying  system  provides  wood  drying  in  a  soft  low-temperaturemode  that  assumes  faultless  drying  with  preservation  physical  and  mechanicalproperties  of  wood  and  its  color.  Infrared  dryers  have  low  unit  electricityconsumption. They are easy to work with minimal costs for their service. Infrareddrying system provides the first and the second categories of wood drying quality,as well as vacuum. Cost of infrared dryers is much lower than cost of vacuumdryers.  Therefore,  these dryers are able to meet  the needs of  the woodworkingenterprises for high-quality drying of wood in a best way.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF DRYERS FOR THE WOODWORKING INDUSTRY

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COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF DRYERS FOR THE WOODWORKING INDUSTRY

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