Soluble components in the peripheral blood from experimental exposure of 14 healthy subjects to filtered air and wood smoke. Samples were collected before (pre), at 24 h and 44 h after exposure, to air and wood smoke. Data are given as medians with interquartile range. (DOCX 62 kb

A Blomberg

A Dutta

A Kocbach Bolling

AF Behndig

AK Bolling

Ala Muala

Anders Blomberg

Annelie Behndig

B Rudell

BC Boman

C Nordenhall

Christoffer Bergvall

Christoffer Boman

D Adamopoulos

D Edwards

DG Fullerton

E Corsini

E Roos-Engstrand

EP Moiseeva

Esbjörn Pettersson

Frank J. Kelly

G Hu

Gregory Rankin

GW Wong

H Lamberg

H Tsuji

I Sadiktsis

Ian S. Mudway

IS Mudway

J Bosson

J Jokiniemi

J Londahl

J Pourazar

J Ruusunen

J Unosson

Jamshid Pourazar

Jenny A. Bosson

Jon Unosson

JP Langrish

JY Po

KR Smith

L Barregard

L Forchhammer

L Stockfelt

LL Reber

M Dherani

M Sehlstedt

M Tapanainen

Maija-Riitta Hirvonen

Maria Sehlstedt

Mikko S. Happo

MJ Guarnieri

MS Happo

MS O’Neill

N Bhatta

N Stenfors

O Uski

OJ Uski

OP Kurmi

Oskari Uski

Pasi I. Jalava

PH Danielsen

PI Jalava

RE Kleiger

RJ Laumbach

Robin Nyström

Roger Westerholm

S Salvi

SS Lim

SS Salvi

T Sandstrom

TC O’Shaughnessy

Thomas Sandström

V Mishra

VK Mishra

Z Darzynkiewicz

PubMed

Background: Smoke from combustion of biomass fuels is a major risk factor for respiratory disease, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion would elicit airway inflammation in humans. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects underwent controlled exposures on two separate occasions to filtered air and wood smoke from incomplete combustion with PM1 concentration at 314 mu g/m(3) for 3 h in a chamber. Bronchoscopy with bronchial wash (BW), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and endobronchial mucosal biopsies was performed after 24 h. Differential cell counts and soluble components were analyzed, with biopsies stained for inflammatory markers using immunohistochemistry. In parallel experiments, the toxicity of the particulate matter (PM) generated during the chamber exposures was investigated in vitro using the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Results: Significant reductions in macrophage, neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers were observed in BW (p &lt; 0.01, &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05, respectively) following the wood smoke exposure, with a reduction in lymphocytes numbers in BAL fluid (&lt; 0.01. This unexpected cellular response was accompanied by decreased levels of sICAM-1, MPO and MMP-9 (p &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05 and &lt; 0.01). In contrast, significant increases in submucosal and epithelial CD3+ cells, epithelial CD8+ cells and submucosal mast cells (p &lt; 0.01, &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05 and &lt; 0.05, respectively), were observed after wood smoke exposure. The in vitro data demonstrated that wood smoke particles generated under these incomplete combustion conditions induced cell death and DNA damage, with only minor inflammatory responses. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to sooty PAH rich wood smoke did not induce an acute neutrophilic inflammation, a classic hallmark of air pollution exposure in humans. While minor proinflammatory lymphocytic and mast cells effects were observed in the bronchial biopsies, significant reductions in BW and BAL cells and soluble components were noted. This unexpected observation, combined with the in vitro data, suggests that wood smoke particles from incomplete combustion could be potentially cytotoxic. Additional research is required to establish the mechanism of this dramatic reduction in airway leukocytes and to clarify how this acute response contributes to the adverse health effects attributed to wood smoke exposure.</p

Muala, Ala

Rankin, Gregory

Sehlstedt, Maria

Unosson, Jon

Bosson, Jenny A.

Behndig, Annelie

Pourazar, Jamshid

Nyström, Robin

Pettersson, Esbjörn

Bergvall, Christoffer,

Westerholm, Roger,

Jalava, Pasi I.

Happo, Mikko S.

Uski, Oskari

Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta

Kelly, Frank J.

Mudway, Ian S.

Blomberg, Anders

Boman, Christoffer

Sandström, Thomas

Swepub

Acute exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion - indications of cytotoxicity

Ala Muala (3430346)

Gregory Rankin (3430352)

Maria Sehlstedt (3430355)

Jon Unosson (3430379)

Jenny Bosson (3430349)

Annelie Behndig (3430367)

Jamshid Pourazar (3430358)

Robin Nystrรถm (3430385)

Esbjรถrn Pettersson (3430391)

Christoffer Bergvall (1646638)

Roger Westerholm (1275048)

Pasi Jalava (3430364)

Mikko Happo (3430373)

Oskari Uski (828758)

Maija-Riitta Hirvonen (65766)

Frank Kelly (3430376)

Ian Mudway (3430370)

Anders Blomberg (57653)

Christoffer Boman (1275051)

Thomas Sandstrรถm (3430388)

The Francis Crick Institute

Additional file 8: Table S3. of Acute exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion - indications of cytotoxicity

Background: Smoke from combustion of biomass fuels is a major risk factor for respiratory disease, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion would elicit airway inflammation in humans. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects underwent controlled exposures on two separate occasions to filtered air and wood smoke from incomplete combustion with PM1 concentration at 314 mu g/m(3) for 3 h in a chamber. Bronchoscopy with bronchial wash (BW), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and endobronchial mucosal biopsies was performed after 24 h. Differential cell counts and soluble components were analyzed, with biopsies stained for inflammatory markers using immunohistochemistry. In parallel experiments, the toxicity of the particulate matter (PM) generated during the chamber exposures was investigated in vitro using the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Results: Significant reductions in macrophage, neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers were observed in BW (p &lt; 0.01, &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05, respectively) following the wood smoke exposure, with a reduction in lymphocytes numbers in BAL fluid (&lt; 0.01. This unexpected cellular response was accompanied by decreased levels of sICAM-1, MPO and MMP-9 (p &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05 and &lt; 0.01). In contrast, significant increases in submucosal and epithelial CD3+ cells, epithelial CD8+ cells and submucosal mast cells (p &lt; 0.01, &lt; 0.05, &lt; 0.05 and &lt; 0.05, respectively), were observed after wood smoke exposure. The in vitro data demonstrated that wood smoke particles generated under these incomplete combustion conditions induced cell death and DNA damage, with only minor inflammatory responses. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to sooty PAH rich wood smoke did not induce an acute neutrophilic inflammation, a classic hallmark of air pollution exposure in humans. While minor proinflammatory lymphocytic and mast cells effects were observed in the bronchial biopsies, significant reductions in BW and BAL cells and soluble components were noted. This unexpected observation, combined with the in vitro data, suggests that wood smoke particles from incomplete combustion could be potentially cytotoxic. Additional research is required to establish the mechanism of this dramatic reduction in airway leukocytes and to clarify how this acute response contributes to the adverse health effects attributed to wood smoke exposure

Bergvall, Christoffer

Westerholm, Roger

Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet - Academic Archive On-line

Scatterplot of inflammatory cells in bronchial wash after air and wood smoke exposure. (PDF 45 kb

Robin NystrĂśm (3430409)

EsbjĂśrn Pettersson (3430412)

Thomas SandstrĂśm (3430415)

Additional file 5: Figure S3. of Acute exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion - indications of cytotoxicity

Publikationer från Umeå universitet

Concentrations (ng/m3) of specific PAH compounds in the semi-volatile phase (semi-vol) and particulate phase (PM) of the wood smoke (WS) (N = 10) data given as mean with SD, and air (N = 2) data given as mean. (DOCX 89 kb

Robin Nyström (3430361)

Esbjörn Pettersson (3430382)

Thomas Sandström (78685)

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Acute exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion - indications of cytotoxicity

Crossref

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Scatterplot of soluble components in bronchial wash after air and wood smoke exposure. (PDF 50 kb

Additional file 6: Figure S4. of Acute exposure to wood smoke from incomplete combustion - indications of cytotoxicity

https://figshare.com/articles/Additional_file_10_Table_S5_of_Acute_exposure_to_wood_smoke_from_incomplete_combustion_-_indications_of_cytotoxicity/4339439