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research
Topical administration of somatostatin prevents retinal neurodegeneration in experimental diabetes
Authors
Marta García-Ramírez
Águeda González-Rodríguez
+3 more
Cristina Hernández
Rafael Simó
Ángela M. Valverde
Publication date
10 March 2014
Publisher
'American Diabetes Association'
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Cite
Abstract
Under License Creative Commons.-- et al.Retinal neurodegeneration is an early event in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Somatostatin (SST) is an endogenous neuroprotective peptide that is downregulated in the diabetic eye. The aim of the study was to test the usefulness of topical administration of SST in preventing retinal neurodegeneration. For this purpose, rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM) were treated with either SST eye drops or vehicle for 15 days. Nondiabetic rats treated with vehicle served as a control group. Functional abnormalities were assessed by electroretinography (ERG), and neurodegeneration was assessed by measuring glial activation and the apoptotic rate. In addition, proapoptotic (FasL, Bid, and activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3) and survival signaling pathways (BclxL) were examined. Intraretinal concentrations of glutamate and its main transporter glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) were also determined. Treatment with SST eye drops prevented ERG abnormalities, glial activation, apoptosis, and the misbalance between proapoptotic and survival signaling detected in STZ-DM rats. In addition, SST eye drops inhibited glutamate accumulation in the retina and GLAST downregulation induced by diabetes mellitus. We conclude that topical administration of SST has a potent effect in preventing retinal neurodegeneration induced by diabetes mellitus. In addition, our findings open up a new preventive pharmacological strategy targeted to early stages of DR. © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association.This study was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (SAF2012-35562 and SAF2009-08114), from the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, and from the 7th Framework Programme (EUROCONDOR, FP7-278040).Peer Reviewe
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Last time updated on 25/05/2016