Elskens, M.

Kochzius, M.

Leermakers, M.

Ngeve, M.

Open Marine Archive

 - 74 -  
Influence of trace metal and organic pollution on the community 
structure of intertidal gastropods at the coast of Cameroon 
Ngeve Magdalene N.
1
, Marc Elskens
2
, Martine Leermakers
2
 and Marc Kochzius
3
 
1
 Environment Biodiversity and Ecosystems Master of Biology Program; Faculty of Science and 
Bioengineering Science. Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 
E-mail: ngevem@yahoo.com , magdale@vub.ac.be  
2 
Laboratory of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 
2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 
 3
 Marine Biology, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 
 
Waste management problems coupled with industrialisation and urbanisation in developing 
countries have caused trace metal and organic pollution, especially of coastal environments 
(Rumisha et al., 2012), since they are the boundaries between the open ocean and the terrestrial 
environment, where humans dwell. According to ADB/ADF (2009), Cameroon is facing a high rate of 
urbanisation, estimated at about 6% per annum over the past 5 years, when compared to the 
average annual population growth of about 2.9%. There is also a sprout of many new industries in 
urban areas. Cameroon’s coastline, stretching from its equatorial Guinea border in the south to the 
Nigerian border in the north, is about 360km (FAO,1987). 
 
We hypothesise that trace metal and organic pollution is high at Cameroon’s coastline and that 
there is a gradient from the highly polluted Douala Estuary to neighbouring areas. Heavy metal and 
organic pollution will also have an influence on the community structure of the intertidal fauna, 
causing a decrease in diversity in areas with high pollution. The objectives of this study are: (1) to 
measure the level of pollution in sediment samples and gastropod fauna obtained from the 
intertidal and (2) to establish the relationships that may exist between these.  
 
Sampling of sediments and gastropods was done in July and August 2012 at 13 stations along the 
coastline of Cameroon. Identification of the gastropod species is done, and the number of species 
and their abundance will be used to calculate the Shannon diversity index and to conduct a 
multivariate statistical analysis in order to compare the different stations. The chemical analysis of 
the sediments and organisms is ongoing. Digestion of the samples was done using a CEM  
. Afterwards, trace metals and organic pollutants will be 
measured with a High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometer. 
 
Results obtained will provide information for the protection of coastal ecosystems and their 
management. 
 
 
References
ADB/ADF. 2009. Cameroon Diagnostic study for modernization of the lands and surveys sectors. 
Country Regional Department Centre. (ORCE). November 2009. 
FAO. 1987. Marine fishery resources of Cameroon: a review of exploited fish stocks. Fisheries and 
Aquaculture Department. ID 60062. 
Rumisha C., M. Elskens, M. Leemakers and M. Kochzius. 2012. Trace metal pollution and its 
influence on the community structure of soft bottom molluscs in the intertidal area of Dar es 
Salaam coast, Tanzania. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64:521-531. 


Influence of trace metal and organic pollution on the community structure of intertidal gastropods at the coast of Cameroon

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