44 pp.Entrants in range and pasture plant identification contests will find this reference useful. It includes explanations of plant characteristics and a master list of plants

Ragsdale, Bobby

OAKTrust Digital Repository (Texas A&M Univ)

RS1.044MASTER PLANT LIST FOR TEXAS RANGE ANDPASTURE PLANT IDENTIFICATION CONTESTSPURPOSE1. To promote knowledge of the widely distributed range and pasture plantsgrowing on Texas soils,2. To develop an understanding of the grazing value of range and pastureplants.3. To acquaint the public with the range and pasture youth program.RULES FOR PLANT IDENTIFICATION CONTESTS1. Any Vocational Agriculture Teacher, County Agricultural Agent and/orAssistant County Agricultural Agent may enter two teams trained underhis supervision, in any or all shows inviting statewide participation. Anyindividual, between the ages of 9 and 21 regularly enrolled in a publicschool of less than college level, may compete in these contests unless hewas a member of the first place team in a statewide contest at Dallas, ElPaso, Fort Worth, Waco, San Angelo or Houston during the previousSeptember-June school year.2. Competing teams will consist of three (3) or four (4) members. Scores ofthree (3) high members will comprise a team score.3. There will be no entry fees, but team coach should send an entry blank10 days before contest dates to Show Officials.4. Plants for the contest will be selected from the Master Plant List. TheMaster Plant List includes range and pasture plants that are adapted toTexas conditions. The 40 or more plants, live or mounted, for each contestwill be selected from the entire list; however, you may receive a morespecific list from livestock show officials indicating the plants to be used fortheir specific contest.The plant identification contests are sponsored jointly by the LivestockShow Officials, Soil and Water Conservation Districts, the Soil Conserva-tion Service, Vocational Agriculture and the Texas Agricultural ExtensionService.EXPLANATION OF PLANT CHARACTERISTICSGRASS — A member of a large, world-wide family of annual or perennialplants distinguished by round or flattened stems, solid at the nodes and 2-ranked, alternate, parallel-veined leaves composed of a split sheath and bladeThe flowered unit is the spikelet composed of one or more florets.FORB — Any herb other than a grass.LEGUME — Herbs or woody plants with usually showy bonnet-like orbutterfly-shaped flowers, alternate mostly compound leaves with stipules, anda simple pod hearing one or several seeds in one row.ECONOMIC VALUES — The desirability and ranking of a plant for wildlifeand grazing use in range and pasture management.NATIVE — Native to the North American continent,INTRODUCED — Not native to North America. It may be desirable orundesirable for use.WILDLIFE VALUES — Are based on palatability of the plants to wildlife of’an economic importance — deer, antelope, turkey, quail and dove. The plantswere rated from the standpoint of food only. A plant may be rated “good” forquail and be “poor” or worthless for deer and antelope, The highest rating forthe plant was selected as the economic wildlife value. Good means highlypalatable to one or more of the classes of wildlife. Fair means the plant iscommonly used by one or more of the classes of wildlife. Poor means that theplant is seldom used as food.GRAZING VALUES — The worth of a plant for livestock, determined byconsidering its palatability, nutritive quality and volume of forage produced.It must be considered in relation to the climate and soil and its adaptation andproper use. For example Buffalograss is GOOD value on a clay soil in a 20-inch rainfall area, but on the same soils in a 35-inch rainfall belt it producesless than half the forage of big bluestern, little bluestem and Indiangrass.Therefore, in the higher rainfall area it would not have more than a FAIRvalue. Grazing value is a comparative value, it isnot intended tocompareplants from irrigated or improved pasture (where fertilizers and legumes areused) with plants of native ranges (where fertility is maintained by naturalmeans). Good grazing applies to a plant that is high volume production, ishighly palatable (not necessarily at all seasons), and nutritious where it isadapted, Fair grazing means the plant is not as good as the better plants involume, production, palatability and quality, in an area where it is adapted.Poor grazing means the plant rates the lowest in one or more basic re-quirements in most areas where it is found. Poison means that a plant has atoxic substance at different stages of growth that will cause sickness or death tolivestock. At other times during the growth stage, the plant may be good forgrazing..WOODY PLANT — Containing tissues such as are present in true wood.Some plants are woody only near the base.ANNUAL — Living less than one year. Such plants must grow from seedseach year.PERENNIAL — Lasting more than a year. Producing leaves and stems eachyear from rootstock, crown buds or branches.COOL SEASON — Making all or most of’the growth in the fall, winter andspring.WARM SEASON — making most of the growth in the frost-f’ree months ofspring, summer and fall.MASTER PLANT LISTNAME OF PLANTLONGE\’ITYSEASONOF GRO\\rTH ORIGIN ECONOhlIC \’ALUE\Vildlife GrazingLatin names are for reference only.> -uGRASSES1. Alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides x x x x xMASTER PLANT LISTNAME OF PLANT SEASONLONGEVITY OF GROWTH ORIGIN ECONOMIC \’ALUELatin names are for reference only.GRASSES44. Plains lovegrass Eragrostis intermedia45. Purpletop Tridens flavus46. Rattail smutgrass Sporobolus indicus47. Red grama Bouteloua trifida48. Red lovegrass Eragrostis secundiflora49. Rescuegrass Bromus unioloides50. Rvegrass Lolium verenne51. Sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus52. Sand lovegrass Eragrostis trichodes53. Scribner dichanthelium Dichanthelium oligsanthes var. scribnerianumx x .x x xx x x x xx x x x xx x x x xx55. Silver bluestem Bothriochloa saccharoides var. torreyana56. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum57. Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea58. Tanglehead Heteropogon contortus .- .-x x x59. Texas bluegrass Poa arachnifera60. Texas cupgrass Eriochloa sericea61. Texas grama Bouteloua rigidiseta62. Texas wintergrass Stipa leucotrichax xx xx x xx x x x xx x x x xx x x xx x xx x xx x xx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx64. Tobosa Hilaria mutica65. Tumblegrass Schedonnardus paniculatus66. Tumble windmillgrass Chloris verticillata67. Vinemesquite Panicum obtusum68. Virginia wildrye Elymus virginicus69. Weeping lovegrass Eragrostis curcula70. Western wheatgrass Agropyron smithiix xx x x xx x x x xx x xIx x x YxI71. White tridens Tridens albescens72. Wright threeawn Aristida wrightii73. Yellow Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutansFORBSr.m . . x x xx x x x x xx x x x xx x x x x1. Bitter sneezeweed Helenium amarum2. Broadleaf milkweed Asclepias latifolia3. Broom snakeweed Xanthocephalum sarothrae4. Common broomweed Xanthocephalum dracunculoidesx x x x xx x x x xx x xx x x5. Engelmanndaisy Engelmannia pinnatifida6. Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis7. Maximilian sunflower Helianthus maximiliani8. Mexican sagewort Artemisia ludovicianax xrL x xx x xx x x x x9. Nuttall deathcamas Zygadenus nuttallii10. Orange zexmenia Zexmenia hispida

Master Plant List for Texas Range and Pasture Plant Identification Contests

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Master Plant List for Texas Range and Pasture Plant Identification Contests

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