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Rapid response of Helheim Glacier in Greenland to climate variability over the past century
Authors
A Luckman
AE Jennings
+38 more
Anders A. Bjørk
Andreas P. Ahlstrøm
Antoon Kuijpers
Camilla S. Andresen
CR Warren
DI Benn
Dickson
DM Holland
E Rignot
F Straneo
F Straneo
Fiammetta Straneo
FM Nick
Frands Schjøth
HJ Zwally
I Joughin
I Joughin
IM Belkin
IM Howat
JA Dowdeswell
JE Box
JM Amundson
JPM Syvitski
JW Hurrell
Kaarina Weckström
Kurt H. Kjær
LA Stearns
Mads Hvid Ribergaard
ME Schlesinger
ML Andersen
Niels Nørgaard-Pedersen
RH Thomas
RI Mugford
RJ Motyka
SH Mernild
T Murray
T Schmith
Thorbjørn J. Andersen
Publication date
1 January 2011
Publisher
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Nature Publishing Group for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nature Geoscience 5 (2012): 37-41, doi:10.1038/ngeo1349.During the early 2000s the Greenland Ice Sheet experienced the largest ice mass loss observed on the instrumental record1, largely as a result of the acceleration, thinning and retreat of major outlet glaciers in West and Southeast Greenland2-5. The quasi-simultaneous change in the glaciers suggests a common climate forcing and increasing air6 and ocean7-8 temperatures have been indicated as potential triggers. Here, we present a new record of calving activity of Helheim Glacier, East Greenland, extending back to c. 1890 AD. This record was obtained by analysing sedimentary deposits from Sermilik Fjord, where Helheim Glacier terminates, and uses the annual deposition of sand grains as a proxy for iceberg discharge. The 120 year long record reveals large fluctuations in calving rates, but that the present high rate was reproduced only in the 1930s. A comparison with climate indices indicates that high calving activity coincides with increased Atlantic Water and decreased Polar Water influence on the shelf, warm summers and a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our analysis provides evidence that Helheim Glacier responds to short-term (3-10 years) large-scale oceanic and atmospheric fluctuations.This study has been supported by Geocenter Denmark in financial support to the SEDIMICE project. CSA was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research│Nature and Universe (Grant no. 09-064954/FNU). FSt was supported by NSF ARC 0909373 and by WHOI’s Ocean and Climate Change Institute and MHRI was supported by the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation.2012-06-1
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Last time updated on 08/06/2012
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info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo1349
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