Climate change and its impacts on societies, ecosystems and water resources represent one of the most important environmental, social and economic challenges today. The case study of Canada and Quebec aims at discussing climate change and its effects on water resources at the regional level. These effects occur randomly and are geographically distinct. Besides, they can be either negative or positve as they create opportunities in some sectors. climate change issue thus appeals to manage water resources adequately and encourage to make decision and elaborate policies in the medium and long term. It is crucial to consider climate change into a sounded water resources management so as to minimize the degree of their impacts and ensure the sustainability of water resources