Brännström, Å.

Carlsson, L.

Dieckmann, U.

Loeuille, N.

Loreau, M.

Rossberg, A.

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)

Structure Si Stze- ruÅke Brännström (Evolution and  (Joint work with Linus Carlsson Ulf Diec    ,  Introduction Food webs are networks describing who eats whom in an ecosystem T          . but it is well established that phylogeny and individual body size are im            th i t ti b t i d t i h th tas e n erac ons e ween spec es e erm ne ow e ecosys em resR h t IIASA’ E l ti d E l P h h h fesearc  a  s vo u on an  co ogy rogram as s own ow uTh d h bl d h i t f th iese a vances ave ena e  a compre ens ve assessmen  o  e mfood webs have also led to a reevaluation of food web intervality one o         -  ,  Emergence o Individual size is an   being much larger t   interactions, such a  By developing a ma   th t ll t tia  sma  mu a oncomplex food webs  Surprisingly this st,  food webs are not t    PredationEco evolutioCompetition -With the world popuA    mounting Little is k.   Building on the evo   B assessed the eco-eCOur investigation re  t th i kaggrava e e r s stargeting species CResource   changes cascade t  EvolutionaryTh t l l f te cen ra  ro e o  regular patterns in f   interval This mean.  intervals without ga  b th if de e case  pre aI d b kin a groun - rea nof evolutionary des  to measure the exte   Conclusion and further reading   Alth h ll i b dd d i t th f i loug  a  spec es are em e e  n ecosys ems, e ocus n eco ogi t ti i R t i i t ti l biliti dn erac ng spec es. ecen  ncreases n compu a ona  capa es aninteracting communities The three studies summarized above are cert .       References1. Brännström Å, Carlsson L & Rossberg AG (2011). Rigorous conditions for food-web intervality in high-dimensional trophic niche space              2. Bra ?nnstro ?m Å, Johansson J, Loeuille N, Kristensen N, Troost T, Hille Ris Lambers R & Dieckmann U (2012). Modeling the ecology and3. Brännström Å, Loueille N, Loreau M & Dieckmann U (2010). Emergence and maintenance of biodiversity in an evolutionary food-web 4. Rossberg AG, Brännström Å & Dieckmann U (2010). Food-web structure in low- and high-dimensional trophic niche spaces. Journal oand Management of   t d F d W bc ure oo e s  Ecology Program IIASA; Umeå University Sweden) ,  , kmann Nicolas Loeuille Michel Loreau and Axel Rossberg),  ,  ,   he organizing principles underlying food webs are not fully known        , portant factors Understanding the structure of food webs is important .        d t t b ti h i t h tipon s o per ur a ons suc  as n ense arves ng.d t l l ti i i t l f d bn amen a  evo u onary processes g ve r se o comp ex oo  we s. t f h ti i t Th l ti tipac s o  arves ng n ecosys ems. e evo u onary perspec ve on f the most ubiquitous features of food web structure      -  . f size-structured food webs   important factor in species interactions with predators typically     ,    han their prey Body size is also believed to be important in other  .           s interference competition.   thematical model of food-web emergence, we have demonstrated        i i ’ i b d i ffi t l i th fs n spec es  max mum o y s ze su ce o exp a n e emergence o  with several trophic levels    . udy shows that the conditions which favor the initial emergence of           he same as those that promote long-term biodiversity       . nary consequences of harvesting   lation continuing to rise the demand for renewable resources is   ,       nown however of how intense exploitation affects ecosystems, ,      . lutionary food-web model described above we have comprehensively    ,    volutionary impacts of harvesting in ecosystems. veals that evolutionary changes induced by exploitation unexpectedly        f h ti Th fi h l ith h ti i il o  arves ng. e gure s ows an examp e w  arves ng pr mar y in a food web As evolution reduces the body size of species C the    .         ,   hrough the food web and cause the extinction of species A and B            . explanation of food web structure   -  hi i t ti i l h l d l i t t h frop c n erac ons n eco ogy ave e  eco og s s o searc  or ood web structure A striking finding is that food webs tend to be-  .           s that species can be ordered such that trophic interactions form           ps, represented as green bars in the example on the left. This would             t i t ti ld b di t d f i l f tory n erac ons cou  e pre c e  rom a s ng e ac or.t d h h th t f d b i t lit b i tg s u y, we ave s own a  oo -we  n erva y may e a s gna ure cent suggesting that the degree of food web intervality could be used,      -     nt to which the ecosystem have been exposed to species invasions          .h t diti ll b i i i l ti i fy as ra ona y een on a spec es n so a on or on pa rs o  th ti l d h tl f ilit t t di f ti eore ca  a vances, owever, grea y ac a e s u es o  en re ainly only the beginning of many important breakthroughs to come         .s. Journal of Mathematical Biology 63:575-592.       evolution of communities: a review of past achievements, current efforts, and future promises. Evolutionary Ecology Research, in press. model. Theoretical Ecology 4:467-478.f the Royal Society Interface, 7:1735-1743.

Structure and management of size-structured food webs

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)