One of the objectives of IIASA's Study "The Future Environments for Europe: Some Implications of Alternative Development Paths" is to characterize the large-scale and long-term environmental transformations that could be associated with plausible scenarios of Europe's socio-economic development over the next century. An important environmental transformation is the expected climatic change which will place additional stresses on the natural ecosystems in Europe. This Working Paper describes an assessment of the potential shifts in natural vegetation due to a change in climate and addresses some of the major implications for nature conservation