The acute toxicity and effects of diazinon on some haematological parameters of
kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) weighing 613.33 g±157.06 g were
studied under static water quality conditions at 15°C ± 2ºC in winter and spring
2009. The effective physical and chemical parameters of water were pH= 7-8.2,
dh= 300mg/L (caco3), DO= 7 ppm and T= 15°C±2ºC. The first test was primarily
to determine the effects of acute toxicity (LC5096 h) of the agricultural toxicant
diazinon (emulsion 60%) on kutum male brood stocks. For this purpose, 4
treatments were used to test toxicity; each treatment was repeated in 3 tanks with 9
fish per treatment and with 180 litres water capacity. After obtaining the final
results, the information was analysed statistically with Probit version 1.5 (USEPA,
1985), and we determined the LC10, LC50 and LC90 values at 24 hours, 48 hours,
72 hours and 96 hours; the maximum allowable concentration value (LC5096 h
divided by 10) (TRC, 1984); and the degree of toxicity. The second stage of testing
consists of four treatments: LC0= 0 as experimental treatment, treatment A with a
concentration of LC1= 0.107 mg/L, treatment B with concentration of LC5= 0.157
mg/L, treatment C with concentration of MAC value= 0.04 mg/L. Male brood
stocks of kutum were treated with these concentrations for 45 days. Experiments
were carried out under static conditions based on the standard TRC, 1984 method
over 45 days. Our results show that long-term exposure to diazinon causes a
decrease in the erythrocyte count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (PCV),
mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean
corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), leucocyte count (WBC),
lymphocyte, testosterone, iron (Fe), sodium (Na), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),
and cholinesterase (CHeS). In addition, diazinon also causes an increase in
prolymphocyte, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) and adrenaline (P<0.05). There are no significant effects on
monocyte, eosinophil, magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl), glucose (BS), urea (BUN),
uric acid (U.A), triglyceride (TG), calcium (Ca), albumin (Alb), total protein (TP),
cortisol, noradrenaline and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in kutum male
brood stocks (P>0.05). Pathology results showed toxin diazinon no effect on
average weight and fish body length, the average weight of heart, brain, spleen,
liver, kidney and liver index but caueses decrease of gonad weigth and gonad
index and also, cause complications of tissue necrosis, vascular congestion,
inflammation in the liver, a sharp reduction in the number of glomeruli, necrosis,
vascular congestion and haemorage in the kidney, capsule thickening and fibrosis,
atrophy, vascular congestion, macrophages release increased, increasing sediment
Hemosiderine and thickening of artery walls in the spleen, atrophy, fibrosis and
necrosis in testis , vascular congestion, increased distance between the
myocardium and fibrous string in heart and neuronal loss, vascular congestion and
edema in the brain of kutum male brood stocks