The introduction of the controlled hatchery system "Model CIFE D-81" resulted in a production of 60 lakhs Indian major carp seed in the drought area of eastern Uttar Pradesh. The hatchery system provided optimum temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH for breeding and hatching and also removed the metabolites generated. The technology is simple and the success of the program attracts pisciculturists

Chowdhury, D.K.

Mitra, S.D.

Upadhyay, R.K.

Varshney, P.K.

Aquatic Commons

Journal of the lnidian Fisheries Association, 
19,1989, 25-29 
CARP SEED PRODUCTION DURING DRAUGHT YEAR 1987 
UNDER CONTROLLED HATCHERY SYSTEM 
S.D. MITRA, RK UPADHYAY, P.l\. VAnSHNEY t1NO DK CHOWDHURY 
Centre for Inland Fisheries Operative Training of CIF£, 
Kathora Tal, P.O.Chinhat-227105, LLicknow. 
ABSTRACT 
Introduction of controlled hatchery system "Model CIFE D · 
81'' made the production of 60 lakhs Indian major carp seed in 
the draught area of eastern Uttar Pradesh. The hatchery system 
provided optimum temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH for 
breeding and hatching and also removed the metabolites 
generated, thus tecllnology is simple and the success of the 
programme attracts piscicultunsts. 
INTRODUCTION 
India was in the grip of draught during 1987, which was the worst in the 
century. About fourteen states including Uttar Pradesh were reeling under the 
impact. This draugr1t made the economic disaster to the agricultural workers. 
To meet tile demand of 13 million tonnes of fish by 2000 AD, fish seed 
requirement is the basic need (Dwivedi, 1985). To overcome this problem during 
the draught year 1987 an extension orientecl fieid programme on fistl seed 
production was organised. lnspite of the severe ctraught conditions 60 takr1 spawn 
of Catla and Rohu were successtully produced tmder controlled condition for the 
first time in Uttar Pradesh. 
MAlEfliAL MW Mf:TJ-IOIJS, 
Ponds 
A fresh water fish seeci farm ai villa~w Heol<'l t<arsHntja DistriCt Barabanki (UP), 
was identified to implement ttle project "1\quaculture and integrated fish farming in 
private owned farm". The area of the farm was approximately ·; ha. Tt1e four 
25 UPADHVAY, VARSHNEY AND CHOWDHURY 
nursery (34 X 9 m) and stocking (51 x 24 m) ponds were dug out with the 
financial support of FFDA (Fig. 1 ). lr, June 1987, nursery ponds were kept ready 
to receive spawn. The farm had the water supply from the tupe-yvell. 
Fig. 1. Layout of the Farm 
Overhead Tank 
A wooden overhead tank with a capacity of 4000 I. wa.s fabricated !t was 
provided with a "Monitex" plastic lining (Fig. 2). As a result the cost of tt"le 
overh~Jd tank was minimised to a great extrnt. 
CARP SEED PRODUCTION DURING DRAUGHT 27 
Hatchery 
Modern Carp Hatchery CIFE D-81 with six buckets was installed at this farm 
(Fig. 3) In this system of breeding and hatching temperature, dissolved oxygen 
and pH are controlled. It also ensures removal of metabolites, as a result 
simulated natural environmental conditions are created and breeding and 
hatching take place even without rain. In this system an egg basket having a 
capacity of approximately 0.2 million was used. But for higher commercial 
production an egg basket of one million capacity (Model CJFE D-85), can be used 
(Dwivedi 1 
Fig.3. Controlled Carp Hatchery Model CIFE D-81, at the farm site 
Brooders 
Two hundred kg of brooders were procured and maintained in a separate pond 
in the vicinity of the farm. The supplementary feed was given for their 
maintenance for three months prior to the experiments. The Jngredients of the 
supplementary feed were rice bran and oil cake in the ratio of 1:1. This feed was 
mixed with ayurvedic drug 'Prajna' which helped to advance maturity. 
Induced breeding experiments were conducted by hypophysation of one year 
old pituitary gland procured from Calcutta during 1986. Intramuscular injections of 
pituitary gland were administered in two or three doses (Chondar, 1980). The 
doses were determined observing the maturity of the' gonads .. 
Each set consists of two male and one female fish. The first dose was given to 
female fishes only, at the rate of 2-3 mg/kg body weight. The second dose to the 
female was given at the rate of 5 to 1 0 mg/kg and to the male fish at the rate of 
2-4 mg/kg of body weight. The rate of third dose was 8-12 mg/kg to the female 
and 2 mglkg of body weight to male. · 
28 MrrRA, IJPADHYAY, VAFlSHNF.Y t\NI) CHOWDHAFW 
RESLJLlS AND DISCUSSION 
The range of a1rnosplleric temperature was from 34.0 to 46.0°C. Water 
temperature ol nursery and stocl<in9 poncJs varied from 29.0 to 30.0°C. The water 
temperature followecj the trend of atmospheric temperature. Dissolved oxygen 
content fluctuated from :3.6 to 5.2 pprn. Tho total alkalinity wus 196.0 ppm. 
The hatchery was maintained at trw controllecJ optimum conditions 11aving a 
ternperaturo range of 26.0 to 28.0°C, Oissolved oxygen range of 6.5 to 8.0 ppm 
anc-J pH of/. ·1. 
Ttle im;luced breeding experiments on Labeo rohita am] CAlla C(ifla were 
conducted durinq ,July ane,i August, 1987. Total ~f 34 sets, weighing B3 kg of 
females were tried. ll resulted in the production of 70.54 laktls of eggs. The 
percenta9e of fer1ilization varied from 70.0 to 90.0 and 60.0 lal<tls of spawn were 
procJuceci. (Table 1). 
Table I :Breeding and hatching details of Indian major Carp in eastern U.P. during draught year 
1987 
Date Species 
No. 
of 
Fertili-
sation 
Spawn 
sets 
Wt. of 
female 
(kg) 
Total 
eggs 
(lakhs) . (%) U,.akhs) 
21 July L. rohita 
22 July L. rohita 
25 July L. rohita 2 
26 July C. calla 1 
26 ,July L. rohita 2 
05 August L. rohita 2 
06 August L. rohita 2 
07 August C.catla 1 
07 August L. rohita 5 
08 August L. rollita 4 
09 August L. rohita 3 
10 August L. rohita 2 
1 1 August L. rohita 2 
12 August L. rohita 4 
16 August L. rof1ita 2 __________ , ... --
2.0 
3.0 
4.5 
5.0 
3.0 
6.0 
6.0 
5.0 
12.5 
10.0 
6.5 
4.0 
5.0 
10.5 
6.0 
4.50 
6.44 
13.00 
4.50 
7.50 
3.83 
3.44 
2.10 
3.00 
3.20 
6.30 
4.50 
9.03 
7.20 
90 
85 
85 
90 
80 
90 
70 
50 
50 
80 
90 
90 
00 
80 
4.16 
5.30 
10.00 
4.50 
6.00 
3.10 
2.'17 
'1.00 
1.50 
2.30 
5.13 
3.65 
6.50 
5.50 
The five sets of L.rohita were tried on 7th August 1987. In this experiment 
breeding was successful but ali the eggs died. Perhaps mortality occurred due to 
the high turbidity and oxygen depletion in tho new ponds. 
The environmental condition especially the temperature, pH anq dissolved 
oxygen are the limiting factors for the production of fisll seed. The modern carp 
hatchery CIFE 0-81 is designed to control all these environmental condition 
(Varshney, 1978-79, Dwivedi & Ravindranathan, 1982 and Mitra et al., 1983). 
CARP SEED PRODUCTION DURING DRAUGHT 
The modern carp hatchery CIFE D-81 successfuly controlled the environmental 
conditioins during the draught year. As a result it could be possible to produce fish 
seed which was a challenge to pisciculturists. A total of 60.0 lakh fish seed of 
L.rohita and C. cat/a were produced. 
This hatchery system yielded 90% hatching. Mitra eta/., (1983) observed 85% 
hatching rate in this hatchery system. An appreciable uniform growth of fry and 
fingerlings were observed in this new farm. Artificial feed was given to the spawn 
and fry. The ingredients of feed were oil cake and rice bran mixed in the ratio of 
1 : 1. The 'Calcaria Phos' a biochemic drug was mixed with this mixture of 
artificial feed. Dwivedi (1986) also suggested the use of hormones in the feed for 
proper growth. Feeding baskets were used for supply of food and this gave very 
good uniform growth. 
While setting up of this fish seed farm, the overhead tank was constructed out 
of wood received from the farm and was lined with the 'Monitex' plastic lining. 
This could minimize the cost to a great extent. Under this exten~ion programme 
demonstration of technology was made to the fish farmers as well as to the 
trainees of this centre. The fish seed was distributed to the private pisciculturists. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
We are grateful to Prof. Y. Sreekrishna, former Director, CIFE, Bombay for his 
interest and approval of the project. 
REFERENCES 
Chondar, S.L. 1980. Hypophysation of Indian Major Carps. Publisher ~ Satish 
Book Enterprise. 146 pp. 
Dwivedi, S.N. 1985. Aquaculture 2000 A.D. : Prospects and Pespectives. Proc. 
International Conference. Fisheries Development 2000 A.D., February 4-6, 
1985, 171-186. 
Dwivedi, S.N. 1986. Hi-Tech Aquaculture intensive rearing systems CIFE Bulletin. 
No.8 (5-86) : 1-16. 
Dwivedi, S.N. and Ravindranthan, R. 1982. Carp Hatchery Model CIFE D-81. A 
new system to breed fish even when rain fail. CIFE Bulletin (3-4): 1-16. 
Mitra, S.D., Singh, K., Raizada, S. and Singh, R. 1983. Fisn seed production in 
semi-arid areas. India Today & Tomorrow 19(4): 161-162: 
Varshney, P.K. 1978-79. Strategy of fish seed production in India. J. Indian. Fish. 
Asso. 8 & 9 : 58-64. 


Carp seed production during drought year 1987 under controlled hatchery system

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Carp seed production during drought year 1987 under controlled hatchery system

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