This study was performed to establish histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer (Dama dama) from the Brijuni islands, in order to investigate the possible presence of Helicobacter species in this species, since literature data on abomasal histopathology are scarce, and data on the presence of Helicobacter species in red deer are absent. The study was performed on 23 abomasal samples taken from young adults (c. 1 year of age) shot in legal hunts. In all the samples inflammatory changes were visible. The histopathological findings from the samples examined were similar, indicating the epizootical nature of the disease, and they were similar to findings described in dogs with a gastric infection from Helicobacter-like organisms. However, in the abomasa of fallow deer Helicobacter organisms were not detected after the appropriate stains were applied, therefore the aetiological factor responsible for such histopathological changes has yet to be identified.Istraživanje je provedeno da bi se ustanovile patohistološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara (Dama dama) s brijunskog otočja i eventualna prisutnost Helicobacter vrsta u ove vrste, budući da je malo literaturnih podataka koji se tiču patohistoloških promjena u sirištu. Pregledom literature nismo pronašli niti jednu referencu o prisutnosti Helicobacter vrsta u jelena lopatara. Istraživanje je provedeno na 23 uzorka sirišta mladih odraslih jedinki (starosti oko godinu dana), žrtvovanih u redovitom odstrelu. U svim uzorcima ustanovljene su upalne promjene u sirištu. Patohistološki nalazi svih pregledanih uzoraka bili su slični, što ukazuje na epizootsku prirodu bolesti, te sličnost nalazima u želucima pasa inficiranih helikobakteru sličnim organizmima. Međutim, u sirištima jelena lopatara nakon obrade odgovarajućim tehnikama bojenja nismo ustanovili Helicobacter vrste, te zaključujemo da je etiološki čimbenik odgovoran za promjene nepoznat

Ana Beck

Branka Artuković

Maja Belić

Mirna Robić

Romana Turk

HRČAK - Portal of Croatian Scientific and Professional Journals

.265ISSN 0372-5480Printed in CroatiaVETERINARSKI ARHIV 86 (2), 265-271, 2016Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia - short communicationMirna Robić1*, Ana Beck2, Maja Belić1, Romana Turk1, and Branka Artuković21Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia________________________________________________________________________________________ROBIĆ, M., A. BECK, M. BELIĆ, R. TURK, B. ARTUKOVIĆ: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia - short communication. Vet. arhiv 86, 265-271, 2016.ABSTRACTThis study was performed to establish histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer (Dama dama) from the Brijuni islands, in order to investigate the possible presence of Helicobacter species in this species, since literature data on abomasal histopathology are scarce, and data on the presence of Helicobacter species in red deer are absent. The study was performed on 23 abomasal samples taken from young adults (c. 1 year of age) shot in legal hunts. In all the samples infl ammatory changes were visible. The histopathological fi ndings from the samples examined were similar, indicating the epizootical nature of the disease, and they were similar to fi ndings described in dogs with a gastric infection from Helicobacter-like organisms. However, in the abomasa of fallow deer Helicobacter organisms were not detected after the appropriate stains were applied, therefore the aetiological factor responsible for such histopathological changes has yet to be identifi ed.Key words: fallow deer, abomasal histopathology ________________________________________________________________________________________Introduction Fallow deer (Dama dama) are animals belonging to the Cervidae family which includes 40 species. Fallow deer belong to the Cervinae tribe and Dama genus (GILBERT et al., 2006). Fallow deer from the Brijuni islands represent a specifi c population, since no natural enemy exists there, and because they practically cohabitate with humans, scavenging for leftover food.*Corresponding author:Dr. Mirna Robić, DVM, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, E-mail: mrobic@vef.hr266 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaStudies published on pathology in fallow deer are scarce, and regardless of numerous investigations of Helicobacter species in a broad range of domestic and wild animals (CURRY et al., 1987; FOX et al., 1997; LEE et al., 1992; QUIEROZ et al., 1996; EATON et al., 1993) there are no literature data regarding helicobacteriosis in wild ruminants. The most common causes of abomasitis in ruminants are abomasal nematodes, Haemonchus contortus and Ostertagia spp. invasion. These parasites are visible macroscopically and lesions in the abomasum are present on gross examination (GELBERG, 2007). Severe abomasitis in young ruminants is associated with Clostridium pefrignes infection, and characterized as acute necrotizing and haemorrhagic infl ammation with submucosal emphysema and severe clinical signs (SCHLEGEL et al., 2012). The aim of this study was to determine histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands, and the possible presence of the Helicobacter species. This was the fi rst investigation of abomasal histopathology in red deer from the Brijuni islands. Materials and methodsIn this study 23 samples of the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands, aged about 1 year, were analysed. The samples were collected immediately after legal shooting. Gross lesions were absent. Samples were taken from the pyloric part of the abomasum, washed in saline, fi xed in neutral formalin solution, embedded in paraffi n and cut into slides 5 m thick. The slides were stained by the hematoxyline-eosine method for detection of histopathological changes. For visualization of Helicobacter-like organisms the Giemsa and Warthin-Starry method was used (SHEEHAN and HRAPCHAK, 1980)ResultsIn all the abomasal samples infl ammatory changes were observed, in 21 samples they were suggestive of chronic abomasitis, and acute abomasitis was histopathologically diagnosed in 2 samples. The results are summarized in Table 1. Additionally, in 9 samples erosive abomasitis was established, in one sample an ulcerative lesion in reparation was observed, and in 4 samples glandular (animals No. 2, 11, 18, 23) or mucosal (animals No. 1, 19) atrophy was diagnosed. The most prominent histopathological change was infi ltration of infl ammatory cells into the lamina propria and between the abomasal glands, which was absent in only two samples examined. Infi ltrations of infl ammatory cells were clearly bounded, and were of a follicular or laminal form. In 13 samples the infi ltrate mainly consisted of mononuclear cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), while in 4 samples mixtocellular (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages) and mononuclear infi ltrates were present together, and in 4 samples a mainly mixtocellular (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and lyphocytes) infi ltrate was observed. In 2 267Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatiasamples infi ltrations of infl ammatory cells were absent, but oedema, desquamation of superfi cial epithelial cells and glandular epithelial vacuolisation were present. In 12 samples submucosal oedema was established, and in 4 samples there was mucosal and submucosal oedema. In 7 samples a mild degree of mucosal necrosis was visible. Staining with Giemsa and Warthin-Starry method did not reveal Helicobacter-like organisms.Table 1. Histopathological changes of abomasal samples from fallow deer from Brijuni islandsAnimal No. Desqamation Edema ErosionsConnective tissue proliferation Infi ltrationEpithelialvacuolisation Necrosis Atrophy1 - + - + mononuclear + - -2 - + - + mononuclear + + -3 - - - + mononuclearmixtocellular - - -4 + + - - mononuclearmixtocellular - + -5 - - - - mixtocellular - + -6 + + + + mixtocellular - + -7 + - - + mononuclear - -8 - + - + mononuclear - - -9 - + + + mononuclear - - -10 + + - - mixtocellular - - +11 - - + + mononuclear + - -12 - + - + mononuclear + - -13 - + - - - + + -14 - + + - mononuclear + + -15 - + + + mononuclear mixtocellular - - +16 + + + - mixtocellular - - +17 + + - - mononuclear + - -18 - + - - mononuclear + - +19 + + + - mononuclear + - -20 + + + - mononuclear - - -21 + + + - mononuclear - -22 + - - - mononuclearmixtocellular - + -23 + + - - - + - -268 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaFig. 1. Mononuclear cells infi ltarate in lamina propria. H&E, 40, (animal No. 12).Fig. 2. Mononuclear cells infi ltrate and connective tissue proliferation between abomasal glands. H&E, 10, (animal No. 12).269Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaDiscussionAlthough fallow deer represent an interesting species, both as wild and hunting animals, literature data on digestive pathology are rare. The available literature regarding digestive tract pathology of the cervidae family (including fallow deer) mainly deals with parasitic invasions (MAJEVSKA et al., 2012;  SANTIN-DURAN et al., 2004; BATTY et al., 1987) or bacterial infections (BALSEIRO et al., 2008). SATO and MATSUURA (1998) described gastric mucormycosis in a Sika deer. PALMER et al. (2001) reported on abomasal ulcers in the captive white tailed deer population, attributed to intercurrent diseases in the affected animals. No literature data dealing with Helicobacter-like organisms in fallow deer have been published according to our knowledge.The histopathological changes observed in the abomasal samples from fallow deer from the Brijuni islands we investigated revealed chronic infl ammatory changes in 21 and acute infl ammatory changes in 2 abomasal samples, which is interesting, since the animals were young (about 1 year old) and appeared healthy. It is noteworthy that they live freely in a National Park, without a natural enemy, essentially free of stressful situations, including predators or humans. Food resources are limited, since in the Brijuni National Park plant cover alterations are forbidden, therefore supplementary food is constantly provided. Since the observed mono and mixtocellular infi ltrates resembled those established in dogs with infections by Helicobacter-like organisms (ROBIĆ et al., 2007.), the Giemsa and Warthin-Starrry methods were applied to eliminate these organisms as an aetiological factor. Nevertheless all the samples were negative on both staining methods. The histopathological fi ndings in all the abomasa samples examined presented with very similar morphology, therefore it is reasonable to conclude that the same aetiological factor was responsible for all the fi ndings. Unfortunately we were not able to identify it. The histopathological fi ndings in the abomasal samples examined were not similar to those of other common forms of abomasitis in ruminants. Further investigation is needed to determine the cause of abomasitis in fallow deer from the Brijuni islands. ReferencesBALSEIRO, A., J. F. GARCIA MARIN, P. SOLANO, J. M. GARRIDO, J. M. PRIETO (2008): Histopathological classifi cation of lesions observed in natural cases of paratuberculosis in free-ranging fallowdeer (Dama dama). J. Comp Pathol. 138, 180-188.BATTY, A. F., D. I. CHAPMAN, N. CHAPMAN (1987): Prevalence of nematode parasites in wild fallow deer (Dama dama). Vet. Rec. 120, 599.CURRY, A., D. M. JONES, J. ELDRIGE (1987): Spiral organisms in the baboon stomach. Lancet 2, 634-635.EATON, K. A., M. J. RADIN, L. KRAMER, R. WACK, R. SHREDING, S. KRAKOWKA, J. G. FOX, D. R. MORGAN (1993): Epizootic gastritis associated with gastric spiral bacilli in cheetas (Acinonyx jubatus). Vet. Pathol. 30, 55-63.270 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaFOX, J. G., C. A. DANGLER, W. SAGER, R. BORKOWSKI, J. M. GLIATTO (1997): Helicobacter mustelae associated gastric adenocarcinoma in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Vet. Pathol. 34, 225-229.GELBERG, H. B. (2007): Alimentary tract. In: Pathological basis veterinary disease. (McGavin, M. D., J. F. Zachary, Eds.). Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, pp. 330-341.GILBERT, C. A., ROPIQUET, A. HASSANIN (2006): Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 56, 101-117. LEE, A., S. KRAKOWKA, J. G. FOX, G. OTTO, K. A. EATON, J. C. MURPHY (1992): Role of Helicobacter felis on chronic canine gastritis. Vet. Pathol. 29, 487-494.MAJEWSKA, A. C., P. SOLARCZYK, B. MOSKWA, W. CABAJ, W. JANKOWSKA, P. NOWOSAD (2012): Giardia prevalence in wild cervids in Poland. Ann. Parasitol. 58, 207-209.PALMER, M. V., W. R. WATERS, D. L. WHIPPLE (2001): Abomasal ulcers in captive white tailed deer (Odocoileus Virginiansus). J. comp. path. 125, 224-227.QUIEROZ, D. M., G. A. ROCHA, E. N. MENDES, S. B. DE MOURA, A. M. DE OLIVEIRA, D. MIRANDA (1996): Association between Helicobacter and gastric ulcer disease of the pars esophagea in swine. Gastroenterology 111, 19-27.ROBIĆ, M., B. ARTUKOVIĆ, A. BECK, A. GUDAN, A. SVETINA, Ž. GRABAREVIĆ (2007): Histopathological changes in stomach of dogs with naturally acquired Helicobacter infection. Vet. arhiv 77, 103-111.SANTIN-DURAN, M., J. M. ALUNDA, E. P. HOBERG, CONCEPCION DE LA FUENTE (2004): Abomasal parasites in wild sympatric cervids, red deer, Cervus elaphus and fallow deer, Dama dama, from three localities across central and western Spain: relationship to host density and park menagment. J. Parasitol. 90, 1378-1386.SATO, Y, S. MATSUURA (1998): Gastric mucormycosis in a sika deer (Cervus nippon) associated with proliferation of Clostridium perfrigens. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60, 981-983.SCHLEGEL, B. J., V. J. NOWELL, V. R. PARREIRA, G. SOLTES, J. F. PRESCOTT (2012): Toxin associated and other genes in Clostridium perfrigens type A isolates from bovine clostridial abomasitis (BCA) and jejunal hemorrhage syndrome (JHS). Can. J. Vet. Res. 76, 248-254.SHEEHAN, D. C., B. B. HRAPCHAK (1980): Theory and practice of histotechnology. Battelle Press, Columbus, Richland.Received: 3 June 2015Accepted: 10 December 2015271Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia________________________________________________________________________________________ROBIĆ, M., A. BECK, M. BELIĆ, R. TURK, B. ARTUKOVIĆ: Histopatološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara na Brijunima - kratko priopćenje. Vet. arhiv 86, 265-271, 2016.SAŽETAKIstraživanje je provedeno da bi se ustanovile patohistološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara (Dama dama) s brijunskog otočja i eventualna prisutnost Helicobacter vrsta u ove vrste, budući da je malo literaturnih podataka koji se tiču patohistoloških promjena u sirištu. Pregledom literature nismo pronašli niti jednu referencu o prisutnosti Helicobacter vrsta u jelena lopatara. Istraživanje je provedeno na 23 uzorka sirišta mladih odraslih jedinki (starosti oko godinu dana), žrtvovanih u redovitom odstrelu. U svim uzorcima ustanovljene su upalne promjene u sirištu. Patohistološki nalazi svih pregledanih uzoraka bili su slični, što ukazuje na epizootsku prirodu bolesti, te sličnost nalazima u želucima pasa infi ciranih helikobakteru sličnim organizmima. Međutim, u sirištima jelena lopatara nakon obrade odgovarajućim tehnikama bojenja nismo ustanovili Helicobacter vrste, te zaključujemo da je etiološki čimbenik odgovoran za promjene nepoznat.Ključne riječi: jelen lopatar, patohistološke promjene, sirište________________________________________________________________________________________.

English

Histopatološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara na Brijunima - kratko priopćenje.

Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia

.265ISSN 0372-5480Printed in CroatiaVETERINARSKI ARHIV 86 (2), 265-271, 2016Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia - short communicationMirna Robić1*, Ana Beck2, Maja Belić1, Romana Turk1, and Branka Artuković21Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia________________________________________________________________________________________ROBIĆ, M., A. BECK, M. BELIĆ, R. TURK, B. ARTUKOVIĆ: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia - short communication. Vet. arhiv 86, 265-271, 2016.ABSTRACTThis study was performed to establish histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer (Dama dama) from the Brijuni islands, in order to investigate the possible presence of Helicobacter species in this species, since literature data on abomasal histopathology are scarce, and data on the presence of Helicobacter species in red deer are absent. The study was performed on 23 abomasal samples taken from young adults (c. 1 year of age) shot in legal hunts. In all the samples inﬂ ammatory changes were visible. The histopathological ﬁ ndings from the samples examined were similar, indicating the epizootical nature of the disease, and they were similar to ﬁ ndings described in dogs with a gastric infection from Helicobacter-like organisms. However, in the abomasa of fallow deer Helicobacter organisms were not detected after the appropriate stains were applied, therefore the aetiological factor responsible for such histopathological changes has yet to be identiﬁ ed.Key words: fallow deer, abomasal histopathology ________________________________________________________________________________________Introduction Fallow deer (Dama dama) are animals belonging to the Cervidae family which includes 40 species. Fallow deer belong to the Cervinae tribe and Dama genus (GILBERT et al., 2006). Fallow deer from the Brijuni islands represent a speciﬁ c population, since no natural enemy exists there, and because they practically cohabitate with humans, scavenging for leftover food.*Corresponding author:Dr. Mirna Robić, DVM, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, E-mail: mrobic@vef.hr266 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaStudies published on pathology in fallow deer are scarce, and regardless of numerous investigations of Helicobacter species in a broad range of domestic and wild animals (CURRY et al., 1987; FOX et al., 1997; LEE et al., 1992; QUIEROZ et al., 1996; EATON et al., 1993) there are no literature data regarding helicobacteriosis in wild ruminants. The most common causes of abomasitis in ruminants are abomasal nematodes, Haemonchus contortus and Ostertagia spp. invasion. These parasites are visible macroscopically and lesions in the abomasum are present on gross examination (GELBERG, 2007). Severe abomasitis in young ruminants is associated with Clostridium pefrignes infection, and characterized as acute necrotizing and haemorrhagic inﬂ ammation with submucosal emphysema and severe clinical signs (SCHLEGEL et al., 2012). The aim of this study was to determine histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands, and the possible presence of the Helicobacter species. This was the ﬁ rst investigation of abomasal histopathology in red deer from the Brijuni islands. Materials and methodsIn this study 23 samples of the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands, aged about 1 year, were analysed. The samples were collected immediately after legal shooting. Gross lesions were absent. Samples were taken from the pyloric part of the abomasum, washed in saline, ﬁ xed in neutral formalin solution, embedded in parafﬁ n and cut into slides 5 m thick. The slides were stained by the hematoxyline-eosine method for detection of histopathological changes. For visualization of Helicobacter-like organisms the Giemsa and Warthin-Starry method was used (SHEEHAN and HRAPCHAK, 1980)ResultsIn all the abomasal samples inﬂ ammatory changes were observed, in 21 samples they were suggestive of chronic abomasitis, and acute abomasitis was histopathologically diagnosed in 2 samples. The results are summarized in Table 1. Additionally, in 9 samples erosive abomasitis was established, in one sample an ulcerative lesion in reparation was observed, and in 4 samples glandular (animals No. 2, 11, 18, 23) or mucosal (animals No. 1, 19) atrophy was diagnosed. The most prominent histopathological change was inﬁ ltration of inﬂ ammatory cells into the lamina propria and between the abomasal glands, which was absent in only two samples examined. Inﬁ ltrations of inﬂ ammatory cells were clearly bounded, and were of a follicular or laminal form. In 13 samples the inﬁ ltrate mainly consisted of mononuclear cells (lymphocytes and macrophages), while in 4 samples mixtocellular (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages) and mononuclear inﬁ ltrates were present together, and in 4 samples a mainly mixtocellular (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and lyphocytes) inﬁ ltrate was observed. In 2 267Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatiasamples inﬁ ltrations of inﬂ ammatory cells were absent, but oedema, desquamation of superﬁ cial epithelial cells and glandular epithelial vacuolisation were present. In 12 samples submucosal oedema was established, and in 4 samples there was mucosal and submucosal oedema. In 7 samples a mild degree of mucosal necrosis was visible. Staining with Giemsa and Warthin-Starry method did not reveal Helicobacter-like organisms.Table 1. Histopathological changes of abomasal samples from fallow deer from Brijuni islandsAnimal No. Desqamation Edema ErosionsConnective tissue proliferation Inﬁ ltrationEpithelialvacuolisation Necrosis Atrophy1 - + - + mononuclear + - -2 - + - + mononuclear + + -3 - - - + mononuclearmixtocellular - - -4 + + - - mononuclearmixtocellular - + -5 - - - - mixtocellular - + -6 + + + + mixtocellular - + -7 + - - + mononuclear - -8 - + - + mononuclear - - -9 - + + + mononuclear - - -10 + + - - mixtocellular - - +11 - - + + mononuclear + - -12 - + - + mononuclear + - -13 - + - - - + + -14 - + + - mononuclear + + -15 - + + + mononuclear mixtocellular - - +16 + + + - mixtocellular - - +17 + + - - mononuclear + - -18 - + - - mononuclear + - +19 + + + - mononuclear + - -20 + + + - mononuclear - - -21 + + + - mononuclear - -22 + - - - mononuclearmixtocellular - + -23 + + - - - + - -268 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaFig. 1. Mononuclear cells inﬁ ltarate in lamina propria. H&E, 40, (animal No. 12).Fig. 2. Mononuclear cells inﬁ ltrate and connective tissue proliferation between abomasal glands. H&E, 10, (animal No. 12).269Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaDiscussionAlthough fallow deer represent an interesting species, both as wild and hunting animals, literature data on digestive pathology are rare. The available literature regarding digestive tract pathology of the cervidae family (including fallow deer) mainly deals with parasitic invasions (MAJEVSKA et al., 2012;  SANTIN-DURAN et al., 2004; BATTY et al., 1987) or bacterial infections (BALSEIRO et al., 2008). SATO and MATSUURA (1998) described gastric mucormycosis in a Sika deer. PALMER et al. (2001) reported on abomasal ulcers in the captive white tailed deer population, attributed to intercurrent diseases in the affected animals. No literature data dealing with Helicobacter-like organisms in fallow deer have been published according to our knowledge.The histopathological changes observed in the abomasal samples from fallow deer from the Brijuni islands we investigated revealed chronic inﬂ ammatory changes in 21 and acute inﬂ ammatory changes in 2 abomasal samples, which is interesting, since the animals were young (about 1 year old) and appeared healthy. It is noteworthy that they live freely in a National Park, without a natural enemy, essentially free of stressful situations, including predators or humans. Food resources are limited, since in the Brijuni National Park plant cover alterations are forbidden, therefore supplementary food is constantly provided. Since the observed mono and mixtocellular inﬁ ltrates resembled those established in dogs with infections by Helicobacter-like organisms (ROBIĆ et al., 2007.), the Giemsa and Warthin-Starrry methods were applied to eliminate these organisms as an aetiological factor. Nevertheless all the samples were negative on both staining methods. The histopathological ﬁ ndings in all the abomasa samples examined presented with very similar morphology, therefore it is reasonable to conclude that the same aetiological factor was responsible for all the ﬁ ndings. Unfortunately we were not able to identify it. The histopathological ﬁ ndings in the abomasal samples examined were not similar to those of other common forms of abomasitis in ruminants. Further investigation is needed to determine the cause of abomasitis in fallow deer from the Brijuni islands. ReferencesBALSEIRO, A., J. F. GARCIA MARIN, P. SOLANO, J. M. GARRIDO, J. M. PRIETO (2008): Histopathological classiﬁ cation of lesions observed in natural cases of paratuberculosis in free-ranging fallowdeer (Dama dama). J. Comp Pathol. 138, 180-188.BATTY, A. F., D. I. CHAPMAN, N. CHAPMAN (1987): Prevalence of nematode parasites in wild fallow deer (Dama dama). Vet. Rec. 120, 599.CURRY, A., D. M. JONES, J. ELDRIGE (1987): Spiral organisms in the baboon stomach. Lancet 2, 634-635.EATON, K. A., M. J. RADIN, L. KRAMER, R. WACK, R. SHREDING, S. KRAKOWKA, J. G. FOX, D. R. MORGAN (1993): Epizootic gastritis associated with gastric spiral bacilli in cheetas (Acinonyx jubatus). Vet. Pathol. 30, 55-63.270 Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in CroatiaFOX, J. G., C. A. DANGLER, W. SAGER, R. BORKOWSKI, J. M. GLIATTO (1997): Helicobacter mustelae associated gastric adenocarcinoma in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Vet. Pathol. 34, 225-229.GELBERG, H. B. (2007): Alimentary tract. In: Pathological basis veterinary disease. (McGavin, M. D., J. F. Zachary, Eds.). Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, pp. 330-341.GILBERT, C. A., ROPIQUET, A. HASSANIN (2006): Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 56, 101-117. LEE, A., S. KRAKOWKA, J. G. FOX, G. OTTO, K. A. EATON, J. C. MURPHY (1992): Role of Helicobacter felis on chronic canine gastritis. Vet. Pathol. 29, 487-494.MAJEWSKA, A. C., P. SOLARCZYK, B. MOSKWA, W. CABAJ, W. JANKOWSKA, P. NOWOSAD (2012): Giardia prevalence in wild cervids in Poland. Ann. Parasitol. 58, 207-209.PALMER, M. V., W. R. WATERS, D. L. WHIPPLE (2001): Abomasal ulcers in captive white tailed deer (Odocoileus Virginiansus). J. comp. path. 125, 224-227.QUIEROZ, D. M., G. A. ROCHA, E. N. MENDES, S. B. DE MOURA, A. M. DE OLIVEIRA, D. MIRANDA (1996): Association between Helicobacter and gastric ulcer disease of the pars esophagea in swine. 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HRAPCHAK (1980): Theory and practice of histotechnology. Battelle Press, Columbus, Richland.Received: 3 June 2015Accepted: 10 December 2015271Vet. arhiv 86 (2), 265-271, 2016M. Robić et al.: Histopathological changes in the abomasa of fallow deer from the Brijuni islands in Croatia________________________________________________________________________________________ROBIĆ, M., A. BECK, M. BELIĆ, R. TURK, B. ARTUKOVIĆ: Histopatološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara na Brijunima - kratko priopćenje. Vet. arhiv 86, 265-271, 2016.SAŽETAKIstraživanje je provedeno da bi se ustanovile patohistološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara (Dama dama) s brijunskog otočja i eventualna prisutnost Helicobacter vrsta u ove vrste, budući da je malo literaturnih podataka koji se tiču patohistoloških promjena u sirištu. Pregledom literature nismo pronašli niti jednu referencu o prisutnosti Helicobacter vrsta u jelena lopatara. Istraživanje je provedeno na 23 uzorka sirišta mladih odraslih jedinki (starosti oko godinu dana), žrtvovanih u redovitom odstrelu. U svim uzorcima ustanovljene su upalne promjene u sirištu. Patohistološki nalazi svih pregledanih uzoraka bili su slični, što ukazuje na epizootsku prirodu bolesti, te sličnost nalazima u želucima pasa inﬁ ciranih helikobakteru sličnim organizmima. Međutim, u sirištima jelena lopatara nakon obrade odgovarajućim tehnikama bojenja nismo ustanovili Helicobacter vrste, te zaključujemo da je etiološki čimbenik odgovoran za promjene nepoznat.Ključne riječi: jelen lopatar, patohistološke promjene, sirište________________________________________________________________________________________.

Histopatološke promjene u sirištima jelena lopatara na Brijunima - kratko priopćenje.

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