Paradiopatra bihanica (Intes & Le Loeuff, 1975) (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) is reported for the first time in the Adriatic Sea. In this study the morphological characters of the observed individuals are provided, as well as the extension of its hitherto geographical distribution.Paradiopatra bihanica (Intes & Le Loeuff, 1975) (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) je po prvi put pronađena u Jadranskom moru. U ovom radu su prikazane morfološke karakteristike istraživanih jedinki, te su priloženi podaci o njezinoj geografskoj raspodjeli

Alessandra Spagnolo

Angela Santelli

Beatrice Brunetti

Clara Cuicchi

Elisa Punzo

Gianna Fabi

Pierluigi Strafella

English

Santelli, Angela

Punzo, Elisa

Strafella, Pierluigi

Cuicchi, Clara

Brunetti, Beatrice

Spagnolo, Alessandra

Fabi, Gianna

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ISSN: 0001-5113AADRAYACTA ADRIAT.,56(2): 269 - 274, 2015 ShoRT CommuNICATIoNFirst record of Paradiopatra bihanica (Polychaeta, onuphidae) in the Adriatic SeaAngela SANTELLI*, Elisa PUNZO, Pierluigi STRAFELLA, Clara CUICCHI, Beatrice BRUNETTI, Alessandra SPAGNOLO and Gianna FABINational Research Council – Institute of Marine Sciences, L.go Fiera della Pesca 1, 60125, Italy*Corresponding author, e-mail: angela.santelli@an.ismar.cnr.itKey words: Paradiopatra bihanica, Polychaeta, Onuphidae, new record, Adriatic SeaParadiopatra bihanica (Intes & Le Loeuff, 1975) (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) is reported for the first time in the Adriatic Sea. In this study the morphological characters of the observed individuals are provided, as well as the extension of its hitherto geographical distribution.INTRoDuCTIoNParadioatra bihanica (Intes and Le Loeuff, 1975) is a polychaete species belonging to the family Onuphidae. Members of this family occurs in all oceans from intertidal to the deep-est depths (FAUCHALD & JUMARS, 1979; FAUCHA-LD, 1980; PAXTON, 1986; BUDAEVA & ROGACHEVA, 2013), inhabiting various biotopes and occa-sionally reaching very high densities (BAILEY-BROCK, 1984). These species range in length from a few centimeters to 3 meters (PAXTON, 1986).Most of them are tubicolous and can live permanently in rather sturdy tubes (deep-water species), in fragile (shallow water species) or in very fragile temporary tubes (sandy beaches spe-cies; PETTIBONE, 1963; PAXTON, 1979; FAUCHALD, 1980; PAXTON, 1986). Up to now regarding the Italian Seas P. bihanica has been found only in the Tyrrhenian and in the Ionian Seas (CASTELLI et al., 2008) with the synonym of Paradiopatra. calliopae Arvani-tidis & Koukouras 1997 (BUDAEVA & FAUCHA-LD, 2011; PAXTON & BUDAEVA, 2013; ҀINAR et al., 2014.; PAXTON, 2015a). This paper reports for the first time the occurrence of P. bihanica in the Adriatic Sea with the aim of increasing the range extension of its geographical distribution.mATERIAL AND mEThoDSThe examined material was sampled in 2012 during a monitoring program carried out in two areas located 60-70 km offshore of Marche region (Central Adriatic Sea), at a depth ranging from 60 to 80 m (Fig. 1) and characterized by the presence of relict sands (sand: 80-85%, silt: 8-12%, clay: 5-8%).These areas are particularly interesting from a hydrodynamic point of view, because they are not consistently affected by the general circula-tion of the basin directed northwards along the Croatian coasts and southwards along the Italian ones (ARTEGIANI et al., 1997). However, some-times they are subjected to a greater hydrodyna-mism caused by the winter cooling that occurs in the northern Adriatic Sea. This hydrodynamism causes a strong water densification resulting in the collapse of the water mass (MARINI et al., 270  ACTA ADRIATICA, 56(2): 269 - 274, 20152008; CAMPANELLI et al., 2011). These particularly cold and dense waters have different chemical and physical features and may cause changes of currents with possible modifications in the biogeochemical and spatial distribution of the sediments.Samples of sediment were collected using a Van Veen grab (capacity: 12 L; width: 0.095 m2), sieved in situ through a 0.5 mm mesh and pre-served in 4% buffered formalin. In the labora-tory, the polychaetes taxa were examined under higher magnification using stereomicroscope and a binocular microscope, and identified according to FAUVEL (1923), DAY (1967), FAUCHA-LD (1982), GEORGE & HARTMANN-SCHRÖDER (1985), PAXTON (1986), ARVANITIDIS & KOULKOU-RAS (1997), BUDAEVA & FAUCHALD (2011). Small specimens and body parts (such as parapodia and jaws) were temporary mounted in diluted glycerin and used for the detailed exami-nation of chaetae and dentition of maxillae. Suc-cessively they were photographed using ZEISS AxioCam ERc 5s camera mounted on binocular microscope and measured using ImageJ soft-ware. The width of specimens was measured at the level of the tenth chaetiger (excluding cha-etae and parapodia), while length was measured from the anterior margin of prostomium to the end. RESuLTS AND DISCuSSIoNIn total 52 specimens of P. bihanica were collected. All of them were incomplete speci-mens, varying from 5.15 mm (16 chaetigers) to 16.48 mm (40 chaetigers) in length and 0.37-0.46 mm width. They are characterized by a pair of eyespots and prostomial append-ages consisting of five dorsal antennae, a pair of frontal palps and a pair of labial ones (Fig. 2a). Peristomium bears a pair of cirri located near its anterior edge. Ceratophores are cylindrical, with five rings (Fig. 2b).The median antenna (that reaches chaetiger 4) is shorter than the lateral ones (that reach chaetiger 6-9).The first 3 setigers have digitiform ventral cirri and bidentate or tridentate pseudo-com-pound triangular hooded hooks having evenly convergent margins and sharply pointed tips (BUDAEVA & FAUCHALD, 2011; Fig. 2c).Our specimens bring 1-2 long and very fine-ly limbate capillary setae on the upper bundle of the first 3 setigers only, while a pair of thick subacicular hooks occurs from the 9th setiger to the last one (Fig. 2d). Postchaetal lobes are well developed on first 8 chaetigers, thereaf-ter becoming small projections. Moreover, 1-3 small, very thin, pectinate setae each bearing 12-15 teeth in the upper bundle are present from the 16th to the last setiger. Branchiae start from setiger 11-12 and consist of two filaments (Fig. 2e). Maxillary formula: Mx I = 1+1, Mx II = 9+9, Mx III = 8+0; Mx IV = 9+8, Mx V = 1+1 (Fig. 2f-g).Tubes are constructed with soft parchment like lining and thick outer layer of mud or fine sand particles. These particles may be attached at right angles, similar to Diopatra tubes (PAX-TON, 1986).Probably, accordingly with other tube-build-ing polychaetes, the worms remain in the tubes except during feeding when anterior region protrudes from the tube mouth to forage in the surroundings (BAILEY-BROCK, 1984). Regarding its geographical distribution, both the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) and the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS) report P. bihanica in the European waters from Atlantic Ocean to Mediterranean Sea (PAX-TON, 2015a, b). In particular, MARTINEZ & ADAR-RAGA (2001) and MARTINEZ et al. (2005) found Fig. 1 Location of the two sampling areas271Santelli et al.: First record of Paradiopatra bihanica (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) in the Adriatic Seathis polychaete on muddy sand bottom during a monitoring carried out in the Guipúzcoa con-tinental platform (Gulf of Biscay). Specimens were also collected from the Tyrrhenian, Ionian and Aegean Seas from various types of sediment (ARVANITIDIS & KOUKOURAS, 1997; SIMBOURA & NICOLAIDOU, 2001; CASTELLI et al., 2008). Finally, P. bihanica has been reported by different authors (ҪINAR, 2005; MUTLU et al. 2010; ҀINAR et al. 2014) in Marmara Sea and Levantine Sea from 100 to 200 m depth.The knowledge about its feeding behavior and its ecology is very poor. The only available literature reports the genus Paradiopatra as motile omnivore scavenger (TSELEPIDES et al., 2000) by copying older information available for onuphids (FAUCHALD & JUMARS, 1979). In AMBI software species list (AMBI version 5.0,with the species list version of March 2012; http://ambi.azti.es/ambi/) this Polychaeta is described as a species belonging to group I, that includes very sensitive species to organic enrichment and occurring under unpolluted conditions (BORJA et al., 2000). This classification agrees with that performed by SIMBOURA & ZENETOS (2002) and the BENTIX software species list (http://www.hcmr.gr/en/articlepage.php?id=141) that consider P. bihanica a species sensitive to disturbance in general. 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Macrobenthic community structure over the continental margin of Crete (South Aegean Sea, NE Mediterranean). Prog. Oceanogr., 46: 401-428.Received: 8 June 2013Accepted: 7 April 2015274  ACTA ADRIATICA, 56(2): 269 - 274, 2015Prvi nalaz vrste Paradiopatra bihanica (Polychaeta, onuphidae) u Jadranskom moruAngela SANTELLI*, Elisa PUNZO, Pierluigi STRAFELLA, Clara CUICCHI, Beatrice BRUNETTI, Alessandra SPAGNOLO i Gianna FABINacionalno vijeće za istraživanja - Institut morskih znanosti, L.go Fiera della pesca 1, 60125 Italija*Kontakt adresa, e-mail: angela.santelli@an.ismar.cnr.itSAŽETAK Paradiopatra bihanica (Intes & Le Loeuff, 1975) (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) je po prvi put pronađena u Jadranskom moru. U ovom radu su prikazane morfološke karakteristike istraživanih jedinki, te su priloženi podaci o njezinoj geografskoj raspodjeli.Ključne riječi: Paradiopatra bihanica, Polychaeta, Onuphidae, prvi nalaz, Jadransko more

Prvi nalaz vrste Paradiopatra bihanica (Polychaeta, onuphidae) u Jadranskom moru

Prvi nalaz vrste Paradiopatra bihanica (Polychaeta, onuphidae) u Jadranskom moru

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