TREATMENT OF ANEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE – POSITION STATEMENT OF THE CROATIAN SOCIETY FOR NEPHROLOGY, DIALYSIS AND TRANSPLANTATION AND REVIEW OF THE KDIGO AND ERPB GUIDELINES

Abstract

Bubrežna anemija nastaje kao posljedica kronične bolesti bubrega (KBB), a pogoršava se s napredovanjem bolesti. Anemija može biti prvi znak bolesti bubrega. Sve bolesnike s KBB i anemijom potrebno je dijagnostički obraditi čime se može otkloniti druge uzroke bolesti. Dokazana je direktna povezanost koncentracije hemoglobina i stadija zatajenja bubrežne funkcije, a ranija pojava anemije učestalija je u dijabetičara. Rano liječenje anemije moglo bi usporiti napredovanje KBB. Anemija je neovisan činitelj rizika za razvoj srčano-žilnih bolesti u bolesnika s KBB. Liječenje anemije u bolesnika s KBB temelji se na smjernicama. Nedavno je skupina KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) objavila nove smjernice za liječenje anemije u KBB, a skupina ERBP (European Renal Best Practice) osvrt na te smjernice. Hrvatsko društvo za nefrologiju, dijalizu i transplantaciju (HDNDT) već godinama objavljuje vlastite smjernice koje se temelje na preporukama i pozitivnim iskustvima europskih i svjetskih stručnih društava, kao i na vlastitim iskustvima. Posljednja inačica hrvatskih smjernica objavljena je 2008. godine. Od tada do danas, temeljem brojnih istraživanja i kliničke prakse, došlo je do brojnih izmjena u suvremenom shvaćanju liječenja anemije u KBB. Slijedom navedenog, HDNDT objavljuje osvrt na posljednje preporuke međunarodnih stručnih društava, izražava svoj stav za liječenje anemije u KBB kao osnovu za nove smjernice prilagođene sadašnjem trenutku.Renal anemia is the result of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and deteriorates with disease progression. Anemia may be the first sign of kidney disease. In all patients with anemia and CKD, diagnostic evaluation is required. Prior to diagnosing renal anemia, it is necessary to eliminate the other possible causes. Direct correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and the stage of renal failure is well known. Early development of anemia is common in diabetic patients. Correction of anemia may slow the progression of CKD. Anemia is an independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. Treatment of anemia in patients with CKD is based on current guidelines. Recently, the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group has produced comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for the management of anemia in CKD patients and ERBP (European Renal Best Practice) group its position statement and comments on the KDIGO guidelines. The Croatian Society of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation (HDNDT) has already published its own guidelines based on the recommendations and positive experience of European and international professional societies, as well as on own experience. The latest version of Croatian guidelines was published in 2008. Since then, on the basis of research and clinical practice, there have been numerous changes in the modern understanding of the treatment of anemia in CKD. Consequently, HDNDT hereby publishes a review of the recent recommendations of international professional societies, expressing the attitude about treating anemia in CKD as a basis for new guidelines tailored to the present time