Uloga ekoloških faktora u nastanku zubne traume

Abstract

The analysis of dental traumas carried out in 731 patients showed the frequency of 59.8% in boys and 40.2% in girls. The frequency ratio between boys and girls was 1.5:1, which shows a greater susceptibility of boys to dental traumas. The place of trauma occurrence was analyzed in 585 (363 boys and 222 girls) school children. The highest frequency is found for school with 37.3% of traumas, while 20.5% of traumas happen in the street, 19.8% at home, 8.5% in the playground, 6.7% in the courtyard and 7.2% goes for other places. Regardless of the place of occurrence, traumas are mostly due to falls and strokes. Falls during bicycle rides should be (particularly emphasized as they represent 10% of all traumas. A comparatively frequent cause of trauma is also the fall on the stairs at school or at home causing 5% of all traumas. Organized sport exercises rarely cause dental traumas (only 1.7% in boys and 2.2% in girls). The dental trauma frequency considerably varies in different months of the year. The lowest trauma frequency is found for July and the highest in October. In order to carry out efficient health education and prevention against traumas it is necessary to introduce children, parents and teachers at school with the most frequent places and causes of traumas.Analizom zubnih trauma 731 ispitanika, utvrđena je učestalost od 59,8% u dječaka i 40,2% u djevojčica. Omjer učestalosti u dječaka i djevojčica je bio 1,5:1, što govori o većoj sklonosti dječaka zubnim traumama. Mjesto nastanka trauma ispitano je u 585 ispitanika (363 dječaka i 222 djevojčice) školskog uzrasta. Na prvom se mjestu nalazi škola s 37,3% trauma, dok se 20,5% trauma dogodi na ulici, 19,8% kod kuće, 8,5% na igralištu, 6,7% u dvorištu, a 7,2% otpada na sva ostala mjesta. Bez obzira na mjesto nastanka, traume najčešće nastaju zbog pada ili udarca. Posebno treba izdvojiti pad s bicikla, koji je uzrok čak 10% svih trauma zubi. Relativno čest način nastanka traume je i pad na stepenicama, u školi ili kod kuće, koji dovodi do traume u 5% slučajeva. Organizirano bavljenje sportom je rijedak razlog nastanka zubne traume (svega 1,7% u dječaka i 2,2% u djevojčica). Učestalost zubnih trauma značajno varira u pojedinim mjesecima godine. Traume su najrjeđe u srpnju, a najčešće u listopadu. U svrhu provođenja zdravstvenog odgoja i prevencije trauma, treba djecu, roditelje i nastavnike u školi, putem predavanja, filmova i brošura, upoznati s mjestima i načinima najčešćeg nastanka zubnih trauma