Evaluating the benefit of ambient quality by street sweeper

Abstract

[[abstract]]本子計畫在「街道揚塵洗掃成效評估與空氣污染改善之效益研究」整體計畫之執行架構下，配合整合計畫之總體目標，進行提昇空氣品質監測站周圍街道揚塵洗掃效率之研究，期能對於整體街塵揚塵洗掃作業之執行成效，有進一步深入之探討與瞭解。本計畫執行已完成相關文獻資料之蒐集與彙整工作，相關之研究成果已投稿發表中；本計畫已完成具風向辨識能力之懸浮微粒採樣器的設計與應用，並經測試結果顯示，此具有風向辨識能力之採樣系統，可提供可信度較高之數據，經模擬數個既有比對場址顯示，其上下風 TSP 差值約為傳統採樣器測值之 1.50~6.2 倍；本計畫完成模擬道路現場大氣懸浮微粒濃度之檢測，經現場測試結果可發現，鄰近模擬道路之大氣 TSP 的減少率約為 42.2%、 PM10 可減少率為 34.8%、 PM2.5 之減少率達 40.9%；本計畫亦完成現場洗掃街作業對於楠梓、左營地區大氣懸浮微粒減量效能評估之測試，洗街作業對於鄰近街道之空氣 TSP 與 PM10 之減量效能，分別介於 63.5~91.2 %與 49.6~94.0 %間，對於該區域離道路較遠處之大氣減量效能，則分別介於 6.02~24.75 %與 0~6.73 %間；掃街作業之空氣品質改善效能一般低於洗街作業，其對於鄰近街道空氣 TSP 與 PM10 之減量效能分別為 64.9 %與 49.6 %，而其對於該區域離道路較遠處之大氣 TSP 與 PM10 之減量，則分別為 6.95%與 3.41 %；經分析所採集之懸浮微粒樣品之成分顯示，陽離子以 NH4+及 Ca+2，陰離子以 Cl-、 NO3-、 SO4-2 等含量較高，金屬成份含量以 Al、 Ca、 Cr、 Fe、 K、 Mg、 Zn 含量較高；本計畫亦提供相關單位，於後續進行洗掃街作業效能評估作業之參考。[[abstract]]The purpose of this project is to evaluate the performance of street sweeper on the improvement of ambient air quality. Several objectives including to monitor air quality before and after the operation of street cleaning, to analyze the characteristics of street dust, to analyze the prosperities of suspended particulate matters collected from surrounding air, and to establish the evaluating procedures for the performance of street sweepers. The investigation results show the air quality monitoring systems equipped with wind-direction-selection systems can provide more accurate emission information of air pollutants from fugitive pollution sources than traditional monitoring systems. The experimental results are also indicated to reduce 6.02~24.75% for TSP and 0~6.73% for PM10 emission after the operation of road washing, and only 6.95% for TSP and 3.41% for PM10 emission after the operation of road sweeping. The major salts that can be identified from collected particulate matters include NH4+, Ca╱sup +2╱, Cl╱sup -1╱、NO╱sub 3╱╱sup -1╱, and SO╱sub 4╱╱sup -2╱, and Al, Ca, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, and Zn are the major metal with higher concentrations. The conclusions observed from these investigations can be applied as the references for making the air-quality-improvement policies by the authorities.[[note]]NSC91-EPA-Z327-00