Cataloguing earthquake environmental effects in Italy : Analyses of some strong earthquake

Blumetti, A.M.

Esposito, E.

Guerrieri, L.

Michetti, A.M.

Porfido, S.

Vittori, E.

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1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Cataloguing earthquake environmental effects in Italy : Analyses of some strong earthquakesSabina Porfido & Eliana Esposito - CNR IAMC, NaplesLuca Guerrieri, Eutizio Vittori, Anna Maria  Blumetti, –ISPRA, RomeA.M. Michetti - University of Insubria, Como1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)OUTLINE• Some  questions about the catalogue.• Analysis of some strong earthquakes• Summary of ground effects• Implications1s INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology, Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)• Some important questions:• Why is so important the EEE Catalogue ?It is important  to have a complete data set in order to compare recent , historical and paleoearthquakes  at global and local scale.• Who  can use it ?Scientific Community, Administrators, politicians, private insurance• How can you use the catalogue?From scientific ,political and administrative point of view1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Scientific community CountryRegional/local AdministrationsIdentification of active faultsSecondary effectsCivil ProtectionEmergency managementLand and urban area PlanningSeismogenic structures Geohazard risk  reduction1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Historical earthquakes of Intensity ≥ IX MCS (from CPTI ) and capable faults ( ITHACA database), in the Southern Apennines, superimposed on a digital elevation model of the Southern Apennines(Porfido et al., 2002)1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Epicenters (yellow stars) and end-to-end length of rupture zones (white lines) regarding 1688, 1694, 1805, 1930 and 1980 historical earthquakes in Southern Apennines1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Methodology1. Analyses of historic sources, including completeness and reliability of the document within the historical context and  source classification.2. Scientific papers, technical reports, air photo interpretation, field checking and paleoseismological analyses in trenches, Eye-witness accounts,3. Classification of the coseismic environmental effects  4. Intensity assessment by using ESI 2007 scaleBlumetti et al. (2000)1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)I=XI MCS1688, Sannio earthquake21 effects14 ESI Int.1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)I=X-XI MCS1694, Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake16 effects12  ESI Int.1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)S. Giorgio la molara1805, Molise earthquakeI=XI MCS80 effects50 ESI Int.1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)1930, Irpinia earthquakeOld Aquilonia, LandslideI=X MCS73 effects61 ESI Int.1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)CALITRI - ESI Loc Int=81980, Irpinia-Basilicata earthquakelandslides liquefactionGround crackMain landslide1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Date Epicentral area VictimsESI  epicentralInt.Surface faulting1688.06.05 Sannio 10,000 10 SRL: 32 kmMax D = 90 cm1694.09.08 Irpinia-Basilicata 6,000 10 SRL: 38 km1805.07.26 Molise 6,000 10 SRL: 40 kmMax D = 150 cm1930.07.23 Irpinia 1,404 10 SRL:38 km;Max D: 40 cm1980.11.23 Irpinia-Basilicata 3,000 10 SRL: 40 kmMax D = 100 cm1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)1421 12165075617327065601002003004005006007001688 1694 1805 1930 1980Number of localities and EEEsLocalitiesEEEs 01002003004005006007001688 1694 1805 1930 1980Number of EEEs by typeTsunamisLiquefactionsHydrological anomalies Ground CracksSlope movementsEarthquake year Earthquake year0%20%40%60%80%100%1688 1694 1805 1930 1980Earthquake yearType of EEE (%)TsunamisLiquefactionsHydrological anomalies Ground CracksSlope movements1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)1930, Irpinia earthquake 1980, Irpinia-Basilicata earthquakeCaposele spring at 22.5 km from the fault. A discharge increase of 150 liters/sec (about 3%) was measured a few hours after the seismic event, compared to the measurement on 16 July 1930, a week before the earthquake Caposele spring at 5 km from the fault. Flow of the Caposele spring increased of 3000 l/s (about twice). A general increase in discharge was observed for a period of 6 to 12 months after the earthquake1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)The distribution of hydrologic variations displays an almost linear decay away from the causative faults, with 90% of the effects within 40 km for the 1805 event and 130 km for the 1980 event.  Most of the anomalies produced by the 1930 earthquake were 30 to 120 km from the fault  (ESPOSITO et alii, 2001,2009; PORFIDOet alii, 2002,2007)1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Cumulative number of landslides vs. minimum distance from earthquake fault.•(A) 1805 earthquake: 11.5% of  landslides occurred at a distance >30 km. •(B) 1930 earthquake:15.3% of  landslides occurred at a distance > 30 km. •(C) 1980 earthquake: 17.5% landslides occurred at a distance > 30 km.1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Plot of the maximum distances from the fault of the three main types of landslide induced by the 1805, 1930 and 1980 earthquakes.All the values are in good agreement with the upper-bound envelope curves proposed by Keefer (1984).1st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Land-Urban PlanningCan we really   rebuild an area without  considering  theground effects?Secondary effects areaLandslides distributionHydrological changesLiquefaction phen.Active faults distributionPaganica fault-L’Aquila 2009Fractures along Sinizzo Lake, 2009Kashiwazaki,20071st INQUA-IGCP-567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology,Baelo Claudia, Spain (2009)Silva etAlii,2008

Cataloguing earthquake environmental effects in Italy : Analyses of some strong earthquakes

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Cataloguing earthquake environmental effects in Italy : Analyses of some strong earthquakes

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