Fabrication and characterization of ZnO thin films using sol-gel spin coating technique

Abstract

This thesis demonstrates the methodologies of sol-gel spin coating technique developed to optimize and improve the quality and uniformity of the ZnO thin films coated on glass substrates. Various processing parameters of the sol-gel spin coating technique including post-annealing temperature, post-annealing environment, spinning speed, and aluminium (Al) molar concentration were explored in this research. The effects of the stated parameters on the surface morphology, structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO thin films were characterized using characterization tools namely atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, and Hall Effect measurement system