Palmork, Karsten H.

Solbakken, Jan Erik

HSN Open Archive

A note on the predominance of non-k-region metabolites of phenanthrene found in bony fishes

Brage IMR

A NOTE O N  T H E  PREDOrUIINANCE O F  NON-K-REGION METABOLITES O F  PHENANTHRENE FOUND IN BONY FISHES BY J \I\ ERIK b 0 ~ ~ 4 h h t ~  nnd K ~ ~ R S I E N  H P ~ L U O R ~  I n s t ~ t u t e  of A l a ~ l n e  Resrarch B c ~ g e n  The  metabolism of phcnanthrene in marine orgallisms and rats has been intimately studied in our laboratory (SOLBAKKEK e1 al. 1980, SOLBAKKEN and PALMORK 1981). M'e found a different main metabolite between bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes, crustaceans and mammals. The K-region metabolite, 9, 10-dihydro-9, 10-dihydroxyphenar1t11re11e is previousll. found to be the main metabolite in mammals (e.g. BOYLAND and WOLF 1950, CHATURAPIT and HOLDER 1978). We also found the K-region metabolite most abundant in rats, crustaceans and cartilaginous fishes (SOLBAKKEN and PALMORK 1981). Howe- ver, in a study using coalfish, Polluchius uirens, the non-K-region metabolite, 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxyp11e11anthrene was found to he the main metabolite (SOLBAKKEK el nl .  1980) This is later on also reported in other experiments using rainbow trout, Snllno gairdneri, and flounder, Plalichtty.rJlesus, (SOLBAKKEK and PALMORK 1981). In  an experiment to see if changes in dose, sampling time and temperature were due to the different pathway of the metabolism of phenanthrene, flounders and bluestriped grunts, Hnrmulon sciurus, were given phenanthrrne intragastri- cally. The total weights were 143k33 and 444f 113 g (%+-SD) of the flounders and the grunts, respectively. The  method is previously described by SOLBAK- KEN et nl. (1980). Samples of urine and bile from six fish were combined and analysed for conjugated and hydroxylaged n~etabolites by using gaschromato- graphy-masspectron~etry (see SOLBAKKEK el a / .  1980). The temperature, the magnitude of the dose and the sampling times are given in Table 1. The  results show no variation in the main metabolite; the 1,2-dihydro-1,2- dihydroxyphenanthre1le (non-K-region) was the main metabolite of phen- anthrene in urine and bile. In  all samples more than 98% of the metabolites were conjugated as sulfate or glucuronide conjugates, and the main metabolite represented more than 89% of the metabolites. The K-region metabolite, . >  1 empera- turc 23 7 0.5 "C: Sampling time (clays after dosing) Flound er(Platirhthvr Jesus) 0 2.4 - - 4 3 - - 9 1,2,7 2 2 Grunts (Hnernulo11 .sci~rus) 25 2 - - 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxyph~11antl1rcnc varied from 1 to 9% of the mctabo- lites, and the 1-hydroxyphcnanthrelle from 0.1 to 0.9%. Only small amounts of the other iiictaholites were found. These results show that the composition of metabolites is not affected by changes in dose, temperature and at  which time after dosing the samples were analysed. I t  therefore seems likely that the difference in the main metabolites between bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes, crustaceans and mammals is due to genetic variations among the species. REFERESCES BOYLAND. E,  atld WOLF. G. 1950. ;\letaholism uC pol>-cyclic compounds. 6. C:onversion of phenantlirene into ~ I i h ~ d r o x y d i h y d r o ~ h c ~ ~ a ~ ~ t I i r e ~ ~ ~ s ~  Biochem. J.. 47 : 6+69. CFIAT~IR:\PI.L., S. atid HOLDER, G.;11. 1978. Studirs on the hepatic microsomnl metabolism of ( '  lC)penanthrenr. Biorhern. Phnlmnc., 27 : 1865187 1 .  SOLBAKKEN, J . E .  ant1 PALMURK. K.H. 1981. hletaholism oC phcnantlirenr in various marine organisms. Co~np .  Biochern. PIyszol., 706' : 21-26. SOLBAKKEN,.J.E.. I'ALMORK,, K .H.  XEPPELRERC;, ?'. and SC:HELINE, R.R. 1980. Urinary and hiliasy metaholites ofpticnanthrcne in the coalfisll (Pollollnchius uirensj. ilctn Pharmncol. et Touicol., 46' : 127-132. 

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A note on the predominance of non-k-region metabolites of phenanthrene found in bony fishes

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