This paper summarises the current crisis in the new nation of South Sudan, the historical background, and Australia\u27s role.
Executive summary
In mid-December 2013, the newly formed country of South Sudan erupted into violence, creating a significant humanitarian crisis.
Violence spread rapidly across the country, mainly along ethnic lines, and thousands were killed.
The United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) came under attack with two Indian peacekeepers killed.
The UN Security Council adopted a resolution on 24 December 2013 to significantly increase the military and police contribution to UNMISS.
Australia contributes military and police personnel to UNMISS and recently provided additional support through strategic airlift operations.
Despite a peace agreement being reached on 23 January 2014, which included terms for a ceasefire, the violence continues.
Since the crisis started, 709,000 people have been internally displaced and 249,000 have sought refuge in neighbouring countries.
Peace negotiations backed by the UN and the African Union are ongoing, but are yet to produce a sustainable solution to the crisis
