The objective of this project is to provide a scientific estimate of the surface runoff and water quality within the Great Lakes watershed. A “Big Data” Long-term Hydrologic Impact (L-THIA) model was used for the analysis inside an ArcMAP user interface

Hinds, Ibrahim D

Theller, Larry

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              The aim of this project is to estimate changes in runoff, and nonpoint source (NPS) pollution resulting from past land use changes in the Great Lakes Area. The problem is that there has been a trend in a decrease in water quality that threatens to damage marine ecosystems. In addition, the Great Lakes significance to the US economy is highlighted by its use in fisheries, tourism, shipping, recreation and as a freshwater supply.             In 1972 the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement was established between the US and Canada, and Areas of Concern( AOC)  were identified within respective country  boundaries. The US government has invested heavily in remedial action within these areas and this is expected to be reflected by improved land use policy making. Therefore, it is expected that although there is to be an overall degradation in water quality, in these areas signs of improvement should be  evident.   Acknowledgements:   Bernie Engel,  Professor and Department Head, ABE Purdue  Younghyun Cho, PhD Student ABE, Purdue  Jinquin Chen, PhD Student ABE, Purdue  Akshay Kochar, Undergraduate in ECE, Purdue  Anshi Chitransh, Undergraduate in CS, Purdue  Danielle McNeely, Undergraduate in ABE, Purdue Abstract Method                The objective of this project is to provide a scientific estimate of the surface runoff and water quality within the Great Lakes watershed. A “Big Data” Long-term Hydrologic Impact (L-THIA) model was used for the analysis inside an ArcMAP user interface. The entire Great Lakes basin was analyzed, in addition, the Great Lakes Areas of Concern (GLAOC) were individually analyzed to highlight remedial efforts in this area. The model used national land coverage data (NLCD) for the years 2001, 2006 and 2011 to give a comparison over a 10 year period. The general observation was an increase in urbanization between 2001 and 2006 which resulted in an increase in runoff and decrease in water quality. A similar trend existed from 2006 to 2011, however, the rate of water quality degradation had decreased. I. The java  tool is used to generate average annual runoff based on SCS CN Number runoff equations II. Land use and soil maps are used to generate CN maps for 2001, 2006 and 2011 III. A java tool is used to generate average annual runoff from daily CLIGEN precipitation data IV. Surface runoff and non-point source concentrations reports are generated based on event mean concentration (EMC) table for study areas. Introduction Great Lakes Basin Water Quality Analysis Using L-THIA Model in  Desktop GIS Constraints  Land Use data for Canadian territories  is inaccessible  Focuses on average long term impact, rather than storm event  L-THIA produces an estimate so results are qualitative in nature  Climate/ Rainfall (CLIGEN) data statistically generated  Point source pollution is not within the scope Results ArcMAP User Interface References Conclusion -50510152025Percent Change from 2001 (%) Land Use Class 2001- 20112001- 20062001                    Tools that allowed geoprocessing on raster layers and shape files  Platform for L-THIA Python Tool  Allowed for easy data visualization  Instrumental in spatial referencing  Year Runoff depth (ft.) Runoff Volume (ac-ft) TSS Tonnes P Tonnes Ni Tonnes Pb Pounds Cu Pounds Zn Pounds E-coli MPN/100ml 2001 0.1243 9656621 378854 5953 22443 81587 213342 677507 1118 2006 0.1248 9693243 382225 5966 22503 83416 215102 703704 1133 2011 0.1251 9716449 384611 5973 22538 84785 216343 723433 1146 Year Runoff depth (ft) Runoff Volume (ac-ft) TSS Tonnes P Tonnes Ni Tonnes Pb Pounds Cu Pounds Zn Pounds E-coli MPN/100ml 2001 0.1568 2900077 199854 3320 11039 20434 43626 209770 1235 2006 0.1573 2910329 200624 3318 11040 21062 44262 218524 1260 2011 0.1578 2919557 201376 3317 11044 21621 44808 226346 1279 Engel, B. A. 1997. "GIS-based CN Runoff Estimation." Purdue University, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Departmental Report, West Lafayette, Indiana. Harbor, J. 1994. "A Practical Method for Estimating the Impact of Land-Use Change on Surface Runoff, Groundwater Recharge, and Wetland Hydrology." Journal of the American Planning Association, 60 (1), p. 95-108            In essence, in the entire Great lakes Basin there has been a decrease in water quality due to non-point source pollution in the period 2001 to 2011. It must be highlighted that in the latter five years of this period the rate of this degradation had decelerated. Furthermore, in the Areas of concern, in which remedial action was heavily invested, many water quality parameters indicated in 2011 have shown signs of significant improvements . Figure 1: Aerial View of Great Lakes Basin Figure 2: L-THIA Tool and ArcMAP Interface 2001 2006 2011 Figure 3: Land Use Change in Great Lakes Basin Table 1:  Estimates of Runoff and Non-point Source (NPS) pollution in the Great Lakes Basin Table 2:  Estimates of Runoff and Non-point Source (NPS) pollution in the Great Lakes Areas  of Concern Figure 4: Line Chart Highlighting Percent Change in Land Use Figure 5: 3D  Illustration of Runoff  and Phosphorous in GLAOC HUC 8 Watersheds (ArcScene) NB: Color intensity represents phosphorous concentration and polygon height runoff depth 2001- (Unit Area Calculation) 2006   (% Change from 2001) 2011-  (% Change from 2001) Ibrahim Hinds1,  Larry Theller2 1Jackson State University, Civil and Environmental Engineering, ibrahim.hinds@yahoo.com 2 Purdue University, GIS Specialist in Agricultural and Biological Engineering (ABE), theller@purdue.edu 

Great Lakes Basin Analysis using L-THIA

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Great Lakes Basin Analysis using L-THIA

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