In many Philippine languages it is possible to express plural participants in an activity by conjoining two or more noun phrases with the same case-marking. In Tagalog (Schachter and Otanes 1972:115‒116), for example, the conjunction at ‘and’ conjoins NPs that express nominative (common) nouns, as in (1a), while it conjoins NPs that express genitive and locative (personal) nouns, as in (1b-c), respectively. The second NP in such coordinate constructions may or may not be required to be preceded by a nominal specifier marking case and/or the semantic features of the following noun, as in (1)a, in which the form marking the following noun as a common noun is optional. Similar constructions occur widely in Philippine languages, as exemplified also in Masbatenyo, and in Khinina-ang Bontok
