Cummings, Kevin S.

Kath,Joseph A.

Klocek, Roger A.

Kruse, Glen W.

Schanzle, Robert W.

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The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia:Unionidae) of the Fox River Basin, Illinois and Wisconsin

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The Freshwater Mussels(Bivalvia:Unionidae) of the Fox River Basin, Illinois and WisconsinRobert W. Schanzle, Glen W. Kruse, Joseph A. Kath,Roger A. Klocek, and Kevin S. CummingsIllinois Natural History SurveyBiological Notes 141November 2004Illinois Natural History Survey, David L. Thomas, ChiefA division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Joel Brunsvold, DirectorA catalog of the publications of the Illinois Natural History Survey is available without charge from the address below.  A price list for other publications and an order blank are included with the publications catalog.Illinois Natural History SurveyDistribution CenterNatural Resources Building607 East Peabody DriveChampaign, Illinois 61820Cover Photo: A live rainbow (Villosa iris) showing its “lure” to attract a host fish.  Photo taken in Swan Creek, Taney County, Missouri. Copyright 1999 Wm. Roston.  The Fox River basin is thought to support the only extant population of the rainbow in the Upper Mississippi River drainage.Inset (cover photo): Rainbow (Villosa iris), male (top), female (bottom), Tippcanoe River, White County, Indiana.Title page photo: Male rainbow (Villosa iris).For more information on Illinois freshwater mussels see: http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/cbd/collections/mollusk/molluskintro.htmlFor more information on the rainbow (including video) see Chris Barnhart’s Unio Gallery at Southwest Missouri State University: http://courses.smsu.edu/mcb095f/gallery/Editor: Charles WarwickPrinted by authority of the State of Illinois1076186–1.5M–11-04US ISSN 0073-490XCitation: Schanzle, R.W., G.W. Kruse, J.A. Kath, R.A. Klocek, and K.S. Cummings. 2004. The freshwater mussels (Bi-valvia:Unionidae) of the Fox River basin, Illinois and Wisconsin. Illinois Natural History Survey Biological Notes 141. iv + 35 pp. Equal opportunity to participate in programs of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) and those funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies is available to all individuals regardless of race, sex, national origin, disability, age, religion, or other nonmerit factors. If you believe you have been discriminated against, contact the funding source’s civil rights ofﬁce and/or the Equal Employment Opportunity Ofﬁcer, IDNR, One Natural Resources Way, Springﬁeld, IL 62702-1271; 217/785-0067; TTY 217/782-9175.Printed with soy ink on recycled and recyclable paper.The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia:Unionidae)of the Fox River Basin, Illinois and WisconsinRobert W. Schanzle1, Glen W. Kruse1, Joseph A. Kath1,Roger A. Klocek2, and Kevin S. Cummings31Illinois Department of Natural ResourcesOne Natural Resources WaySpringﬁeld, Illinois 627022John G. Shedd Aquarium1200 S. Lakeshore DriveChicago, Illinois 606053Illinois Natural History Survey607 East Peabody DriveChampaign, Illinois 61820Illinois Natural History SurveyBiological Notes 141November 2004ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis survey was made possible by the efforts of dozens of interested volunteers from federal, state, and local govern-ment agencies as well as the private sector.  The authors wish to thank the many individuals from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, John G. Shedd Aquarium, McHenry County Conservation District, St. Charles Park District, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and Wisconsin Depart-ment of Natural Resources who assisted with sampling. John Bishop of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources provided major assistance with the preparation of basin maps for the report.  We also wish to thank the curators and col-lection managers at the Field Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History, and Chicago Academy of Sciences for access to collections under their care.We would like to thank Brant Fisher, Lisie Kitchel, and Bernard Sietman who reviewed the manuscript and provided many helpful comments on the paper. ii TABLE OF CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................................... iiLIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................................  ivLIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................................... ivABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 1INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1MATERIALS AND METHODS ..................................................................................................................... 2RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................................... 2DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................................. 4SPECIES ACCOUNTS NATIVE UNIONIDS .............................................................................................................................. 15INTRODUCED SPECIES ...................................................................................................................... 29SPECIES OF POSSIBLE HISTORIC OCCURRENCE ........................................................................ 30LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................................... 31APPENDIX I ................................................................................................................................................. 33iii LIST OF FIGURES    Figure 1a.     The Fox River and its Major Tributaries .................................................................................... 1Figure 1b.     The Fox River and its Major Tributaries .................................................................................... 1Figure 2a.     Collection Stations in the Fox River Basin, 1997–2001 ............................................................. 4Figure 2b.     Collection Stations in the Fox River Basin, 1997–2001 ............................................................ 4             LIST OF TABLES    Table 1.        Comparison of mussel species reported from the Fox River drainage by Calkins (1874) and                     subsequent researchers ................................................................................................................ 3Table 2.     Total numbers, abundance ranking, and percent composition of the mussel species collected                       live in the Fox River basin, 1997–2001 ...................................................................................... 5Table 3.        Listing of all mussels collected in the Fox River mainstem, 1997–2001 ................................... 6Table 4.        Listing of all mussels collected in tributaries of the Fox River, 1997–2001 .............................. 8Table 5.        Total Numbers, abundance ranking, and percent composition of the mussel species collected in                       the Fox River by Matteson, 1957–1958 .................................................................................... 12Table 6.        Side-by-side listing of mussels collected at stations common to Matteson’s (1957–58) and                        current study .............................................................................................................................. 13              ivIllinois Natural History Survey607 East Peabody DriveChampaign, Illinois 61820A division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources

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The Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia:Unionidae) of the Fox River Basin, Illinois and Wisconsin

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