The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires assessment of water quality and quantity in groundwater bodies that are hydrologically linked to designated wetlands. The Anglesey and Llŷn Fens face chemical (e.g. nitrate) and quantitative (e.g. historic drainage) groundwater pressures. Hydrogeologists and ecologists have successfully worked together during the WFD classification process and impacts from diffuse nutrients have resulted in ‘poor’ chemical status for the surrounding Carboniferous Limestone groundwater body.
Long term hydrological and chemical monitoring programs allow the assessment of baseline conditions, identification of trends and extreme climatic events (floods and droughts) possibly associated with our changing climate.
Nutrient management plans, aimed at the reduction of inorganic fertilisers, must be agreed, implemented and monitored to ensure the return of the Anglesey and Llŷn Fens to favorable ecological condition and good groundwater chemical status.
Key challenges include encouraging both ecologists and hydrogeologists to work together; continuing to work well with landowners and farmers; implementation of plans to reduce over application of inorganic fertilizers and to continue monitoring the Anglesey and Llŷn Fens as part of future climate change monitoring programs.
If nothing is done to address these key challenges or the ‘after LIFE’ work is not supported there is a real risk of failure of targets associated with both the Water Framework Directive and Habitats Directive
