This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671464; 7181101181), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0800501; 2018YFC0213304), 111 Project (B14001), the GCP-INI Global N2O Budget and the INMS Asia Demo Activities. The input of P.S. contributes to the UK-China Virtual Joint Centre on Nitrogen ìN-Circleî funded by the Newton Fund via UK BBSRC/NERC (BB/N013484/1). We acknowledged Eric Ceschia, Kristiina Regina, Dario Papale, and the NANORP for sharing a part of observation data.Peer reviewedPostprin

Akihiko Ito

Alexandratos N.

Chen Z.

China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute

Eri Saikawa

Feng Zhou

Georg Wohlfahrt

Hanqin Tian

IPCC

Janssens-Maenhout G.

Jinfeng Chang

Liu J.

Masson-Delmotte V.

Minpeng Chen

Myhre G.

National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)

Pete Smith

Philippe Ciais

Qihui Wang

Radoslaw Juszczak

Richards M.

Robert M. Rees

Sergiy Medinets

Simona Castaldi

Simone Sabbatini

Stephen J. Del Grosso

USEPA

Vincenzo Magliulo

Volodymyr Medinets

Xiaoqing Cui

Yan Bo

Ziyin Shang

Åsa Kasimir

Global Change Biology

English

China has experienced rapid agricultural development over recent decades, accompanied by increased fertilizer consumption in croplands, but the trend and drivers of the associated nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions remain uncertain. The primary sources of this uncertainty are the coarse spatial aggregation of agricultural activity data and the incomplete model representation of N2O emissions in response to management. Here we provide new data-driven estimates of cropland N2O emissions across China from 1990 to 2014, complied using a global monitoring network, nationwide survey-based reconstruction of N-fertilization and irrigation, and an updated version of spatially-referenced nonlinear algorithm. In addition, we have evaluated the drivers behind changing cropland N2O patterns using an index decomposition analysis approach. We find that China’s annual cropland-N2O emissions increased on average by +11.2 Gg N yr2 (P &lt; 0.001) from 1990 to 2003, after that, coincident with an ensemble of process-based land-surface models (LSMs), emissions have plateaued until 2014 (+2.8 Gg N yr2, P = 0.02). The slowdown after 2003 was pervasive across the majority of croplands accounting in total for ~2/3 of the total cropland areas. This change was mainly driven by the nationwide improvement (reduction) of N-fertilizer application rates, partially due to the prevalence of the Nationwide Soil Testing and Formulation Fertilization Program launched in the early 2000s. This reduction has almost offset the policy-driven cropland expansion across most regions, but particularly in the Northeast Plain and the lower Yangtze Basin. Our results underline the importance of high-resolution activity data and of spatially-explicit responses of N2O emission to management for capturing cropland-N2O emission patterns. Improving the representation of nationwide policy intervention in LSMs is also recommended for future projections

Shang, Ziyin

Zhou, Feng

Smith, Pete

Saikawa, Eri

Ciais, Philippe

Chang, Jinfeng

Tian, Hanqin

Del Grosso, Stephen

Ito, Akihiko

Chen, Minpeng

Wang, Qihui

Bo, Yan

Cui, Xiaoqing

Castaldi, S

Juszczak, Radoslaw

Kasimir, Asa

Magliulo, Vincenzo

Medinets, Sergiy

Medinets, Volodymyr

Rees, RM

Wohlfahrt, Georg

Sebbatini, Simone

SRUC - Scotland's Rural College

Weakened growth of cropland N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in China associated with nationwide policy interventions

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671464; 7181101181), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0800501; 2018YFC0213304), 111 Project (B14001), the GCP-INI Global N2O Budget and the INMS Asia Demo Activities. The input of P.S. contributes to the UK-China Virtual Joint Centre on Nitrogen ìN-Circleî funded by the Newton Fund via UK BBSRC/NERC (BB/N013484/1). We acknowledged Eric Ceschia, Kristiina Regina, Dario Papale, and the NANORP for sharing a part of observation data.Peer reviewe

Del Grosso, Stephen J.

Castaldi, Simona

Kasimir, Åsa

Magliulo, Enzo

Rees, Robert M.

Sabbatini, Simone

Aberdeen University Research

Weakened growth of cropland‐N2O emissions in China associated with nationwide policy interventions

Crossref

Weakened growth of cropland‐N
                    2

del Grosso, Stephen

Rees, Robert

HAL-INSU

Weakened growth of cropland‐N 2 O emissions in China associated with nationwide policy interventions

HAL UVSQ

HAL: Hyper Article en Ligne

China has experienced rapid agricultural development over recent decades, accompanied by increased fertilizer consumption in croplands; yet, the trend and drivers of the associated nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions remain uncertain. The primary sources of this uncertainty are the coarse spatial variation of activity data and the incomplete model representation of N2O emissions in response to agricultural management. Here, we provide new data-driven estimates of cropland-N2O emissions across China in 1990-2014, compiled using a global cropland-N2O flux observation dataset, nationwide survey-based reconstruction of N-fertilization and irrigation, and an updated nonlinear model. In addition, we have evaluated the drivers behind changing cropland-N2O patterns using an index decomposition analysis approach. We find that China's annual cropland-N2O emissions increased on average by 11.2 Gg N/year(2) (p < .001) from 1990 to 2003, after which emissions plateaued until 2014 (2.8 Gg N/year(2), p = .02), consistent with the output from an ensemble of process-based terrestrial biosphere models. The slowdown of the increase in cropland-N2O emissions after 2003 was pervasive across two thirds of China's sowing areas. This change was mainly driven by the nationwide reduction in N-fertilizer applied per area, partially due to the prevalence of nationwide technological adoptions. This reduction has almost offset the N2O emissions induced by policy-driven expansion of sowing areas, particularly in the Northeast Plain and the lower Yangtze River Basin. Our results underline the importance of high-resolution activity data and adoption of nonlinear model of N2O emission for capturing cropland-N2O emission changes. Improving the representation of policy interventions is also recommended for future projections

Shang, Z. Y.

Zhou, F.

Smith, P.

Saikawa, E.

Ciais, P.

Chang, J. F.

Tian, H. Q.

Del Grosso, S. J.

Ito, A.

Chen, M. P.

Wang, Q. H.

Bo, Y.

Cui, X. Q.

Castaldi, S.

Juszczak, R.

Kasimir, Åsa,

Magliulo, V.

Medinets, S.

Medinets, V.

Rees, R. M.

Wohlfahrt, G.

Sabbatini, S.

Swepub

Weakened growth of cropland-N2O emissions in China associated with nationwide policy interventions

HAL-CEA

https://pure.sruc.ac.uk/ws/files/17505159/17461001.pdf

Weakened growth of cropland‐N2O emissions in China associated with nationwide policy interventions

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SRUC - Scotland's Rural College

Aberdeen University Research

Crossref

HAL-INSU

HAL UVSQ

SRUC - Scotland's Rural College

SRUC - Scotland's Rural College

HAL: Hyper Article en Ligne

Swepub

HAL-CEA