Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet organizacionih nauka
Abstract
E-nabavke mogu dovesti do ušteda u javnim nabavkama po dva osnova: a)smanjivanjem transakcionih troškova koje imaju naručioci i ponuđači tokom sprovođenja postupka javne nabavke i preko snižavanja nabavnih cena usled intenzivnije konkurencije. Elektronske nabavke same po sebi ne doprinose jačanju konkurencije i samim tim generisanju ušteda, već je neophodno stvoriti preduslove u smislu da je nužno postojanje efikasne organizacije koja podrazumeva da su procesi dobro osmišljeni, da postoji disciplina i jasno utvrđene odgovornosti, efikasna kontrola procesa, odgovarajuća tehnička infrastruktura koja će podržati predviđena rešenja, adekvatan nivo obučenosti i stručnosti u radu i dr. Istraživačke studije u nekoliko zemalja koje imaju razvijene E-nabavke potvrđuju da se uštede koje su nastale uvođenjem E-nabavki kreću od 2% do 4%.
E-procurement can have a positive impact on savings in public procurement by: a) reducing transaction costs of both contracting authorities as well as bidders and
b) cutting purchasing prices due to more intensive competition. E-procurement does not guarantee open competition by itself thus generating savings automatically. In order to achieve those two goals, it is necessary to create preconditions such are: well structured processes, efficient organization of public procurement function, clear division of responsibilities and full accountability, efficient monitoring and control mechanisms, an adequate technical infrastructure that will support E-procurement, proper scope of training for all stakeholders. Research papers analyzing effects of E-procurement on savings in several countries with developed practice in electronic procurement confirm that savings due to E-procurement may range from 2% to 4% of the total value of procurement
