Supplementation of Zinc and the Amino Acid Cysteine towards the TNF-? Status, Calcium, and Anthropometry to the Stunting Infants after Being Given High Doses of Vitamin A

Abstract

The growth of stunting infants can also be monitored through the anthropometric status, like theweight and the height. There are other indicators that can be used as the indicators of the growth of infant stunting; a biomarker of the bone growth, such as TNF-? and calcium. At the time of the matrix maturation, the bone cells of osteoblast forms the calcium ions as inorganic minerals that can increase the bone mass and speed up the addition height of the children. TNF-? is a pro inflammatory mediator, which is indispensable during the bone growth. Giving high doses of vitamin A has not effectively address the problem of the stunting infants so that the additions of other supplements are required, namely zinc and the amino acid cysteine. Cysteine ??amino acid speed up the hormone receptor transcription in the reaction of zinc finger protein (ZFP), induction of Transforming Growth Factor ? (TGF ?), and the formation of Cysteine ??Rich Intestinal Protein (CRIP) that are strongly associated with the presence of zinc. Supplementation of zinc and the amino acid cysteine was conducted over three (3) consecutive months to thestunting infants, who have obtained the high doses of vitamin A. Determination of TNF ? levels and calcium were performed in pre and post using Eliza Human TNF ? Kit and Eliza Human Calcium Kit. Anthropometry, which include weight and height measured every month. Result show that the provision of zinc and the amino acid cysteine ??to the stunting infants who have acquired high doses of vitamin A can affect the levels of TNF-? and calcium; and can improve the anthropometric status, which includes weight and height. Giving zinc and the amino acid cysteine ??is an alternative companion to the highdoses of vitamin A to help repairing the bone growth disorders to the infants stunting