Savez poljoprivrednih inženjera i tehničara, Beograd
Abstract
The following three prestigious maize inbred lines with erect top leaves: ZPPL 16, ZPPL 218 and ZPPL 62 were observed in this study. Each of these inbreds, either as a female or a male component, was included into the development of over 45 maize hybrids. However, maize hybrids ZP 431, ZP 434, ZP 578 and ZP 684 are widely commercially used in this medium-term period. This study conforms the hypothesis that there are elite maize inbred lines with erect top leaves and hybrids derived from them that have a dominant property of an efficient photosynthetic-fluorescence model that is successfully used in breeding and production technologies of hybrid seed and commercial maize. The presented results on the position of top leaves, increased density, dynamics of grain dry down, quality of hybrid and commercial maize and on photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters: temperature dependence on the chlorophyll delayed fluorescence intensity, Arrhenius plot for the determination of critical temperatures (phase transition temperatures) and activation energies, show that the properties of observed inbred lines and their maize hybrids are based on positive effects and the nature of structural and functional changes that occur in their thylakoid membranes and other chemical structures of grain and leaf tissues. Furthermore, other relevant breeding and seed production properties of observed prestigious maize inbred lines and hybrids derived from them were analyzed (dependence of yields on densities and quality of commercial maize on the structure of grain and physical and chemical properties).U ovom radu potvrđuje se naša hipoteza da postoje elitne samooplodne linije i sa njima stvoreni hibridi kukuruza, sa uspravnim položajem vršnih listova, koje poseduju dominantno svojstvo efikasnog fotosintetično-fluorescentnog modela što se uspešno koristi u oplemenjivanju, savremenim tehnologijama proizvodnje hibridnog semena i merkatilnog kukuruza. Izloženi rezultati o uspravnom položaju vršnih listova, povećanoj gustini, dinamici otpuštanja vode iz zrna u periodu sazrevanja, kvalitetu semena hibridnog i merkantilnog kukuruza i o fotosintetično-fluorescentnim pokazateljima: temperaturnoj zavisnosti intenziteta zakasnele fluorescencije hlorofila, Arenijusovom kriterijumu za određivanje kritičnih temperatura (temperature faznih prelaza) i energija aktivacije, pokazuju da su svojstva proučavanih linija i njihovih hibrida kukuruza zasnovana na pozitivnim efektima i prirodi strukturnih i funkcionalnih promena, koje se odigravaju u njihovim tilakoidnim membranama i drugim hemijskim strukturama tkiva zrna i lista. U radu se analiziraju i druge relevantne selekcione i semenarske karakteristike proučavanih prestižnih samooplodnih linija kukuruza i sa njima stvorenih hibrida kukuruza (zavisnost prinosa od gustine i kvalitet merkantilnog kukuruza preko strukture zrna i fizičkih i hemijskih parametara)
