To reduce the supply of opioids to non-medical users in the U.S., many states have implemented Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) to collect patients’ opioids purchase history and provide physicians this information. We study the impact of two PDMP-enhancement policies: 1) within-state IS integration, which aims to integrate a state’s PDMP into local hospitals’ health information technologies (HITs), and 2) interstates IS data sharing, which facilitates the interoperability of PDMP data across states line. We construct a county-level panel dataset from 2006 to 2017. First, we do not find evidence that PDMP integration could reduce the focal state’s regional opioids prescribing rate; instead, we find that a focal state\u27s PDMP integration triggers doctor shopping phenomenon by increasing the opioids prescribing rate of counties located in neighboring states, suggesting the negative IT spillover effect. Second, we find nuanced evidence that PDMP interstate data sharing can mitigate this negative spillover effect, showing the positive information externality
