The Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) (Stromateidae) observed with deformity from fish landings at the Jegathapattinam fishing harbour along Palk Bay coast of Tamil Nadu. The abnormality owing to fractional dorsal fin may call as ‘saddleback syndrome’ and this may be due to any kind of physical injury during early stages or to a higher chance of predation and in due course, the wound healed and the individual survive even with extreme deformed condition. Such a deformity for this species of Pomfret has never been documented from Indian waters and this could be the first record in Pampus chinensis

Batcha, S M Sikkander

Nazar, A K A

Rajkumar, M

Remya, L

Saravanan, Raju

Thirumalaiselvan, S

Vinothkumar, R

English

CMFRI Digital Repository

Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol. 49 (01), January 2020, pp. 95-98       First record of deformity in Chinese Pomfret, Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) from Indian waters  R. Vinothkumar*, M. Rajkumar, S. Thirumalaiselvan, R. Saravanan, L. Remya, S.M. Sikkander  Batcha & A. K. Abdul Nazar  ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682018, India * [E-mail: vinothanars16@gmail.com]  Received 18 June 2018; revised 20 September 2018  The Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) (Stromateidae) observed with deformity from fish landings at the Jegathapattinam fishing harbour along Palk Bay coast of Tamil Nadu. The abnormality owing to fractional dorsal fin may call as ‘saddleback syndrome’ and this may be due to any kind of physical injury during early stages or to a higher chance of predation and in due course, the wound healed and the individual survive even with extreme deformed condition. Such a deformity for this species of Pomfret has never been documented from Indian waters and this could be the first record in Pampus chinensis.  [Keywords:Chinese pomfret; Palk bay; Saddleback syndrome; Stromateidae]  Introduction From 16th century onwards biologists have drivenattention towards the deformities in the fishes1.  Many reports have been published, from time to  time, on various forms of deformity in the wild fishes2-10. In most cases, the skeletal deformity  was accounted as developmental anomalies, due to adverse environmental parameters11,12 through contaminant13,14 and of genetic mutation15,16. The environmental stress plays a vital role in skeletal deformities in the wild fish4,7,10,13. However, in fishes, fin deformity has not been explored in detail and also not well justified17. Al-Hassan18 reported that malformation of the skeleton in Pampus argenteus in commercial catch from the Arabian Gulf area, which was collected at Sharjah fish market, U.A.E. Jawad and AL-Mamry19 reported saddle back syndrome in the wild caught Silver pomfret, for the second time. The present paper is the documentation of the absence of pterygiophore supporting the dorsal fin in a wild-caught individual of chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen 1788) from Indian waters.  Material and Methods The specimen with deformity was observed during the routine analysis of trawl catch, from Jegathapattinam fishing harbour (Fig. 1), Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu  (N 9.962134, E 79.185584) on 21st March 2017. Among the collected specimens of Chinese pomfret, a specimen lacking pterygiophore, was collected and brought to the laboratory for further examination. The species was identified using FAO species identification sheets, for fishing area 51. The fish was caught from Palk Bay, at a distance of 12 nm from the sea shore, at the depth of  28 m, in the southeast direction of Jegathapattinam by a trawler. Upon further examination of the specimen and literature survey, it was found that such deformity in Chinese pomfret has never been documented from Indian waters. The morphological and meristic characters of the deformed as well as normal specimens were measured to the nearest 1 mm with digital Vernier caliper (Mitutoyo CD-6CSX) and the weight was measured to the nearest gm by a balance. Similarly the X-ray of the deformed and normal specimens was also taken for comparative analysis. The deformed specimen has been deposited in the Marine Biodiversity Museum of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam with the accession number MMM-CMFRI 17001.  Results  The general morphological features of the deformed specimen (SL 310 mm, body weight 1.417 kg) were compared with the normal specimen (SL 147 mm, body weight 221.76 gm) (Fig. 2A-B).Morphological   INDIAN J. MAR. SCI., VOL. 49, NO. 01, JANUARY 2020    96    Fig. 1 — Location of deformed Pampus chinensis observed at Jegathapattinam Palk Bay, South east coast of India  Table 1 — Comparison of morphological features (mm) of normal and abnormal specimens of Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis Parameters Deformed specimen Normal  specimen Total Length 380 185 Standard Length 310 147.40 Fork Length 305 150 Head Length 120 30 Eye Diameter 13 10 Snout Length 18 10 Upper Jaw Length 22 12 Body depth 185 110 Dorsal Fin Length 58.06 91.28 Dorsal Fin Base Length 54.38 87.03 Pectoral Fin Length 90 60 Pectoral Fin Base Length 30 18 Anal Fin Length 165 95 Anal Fin Base Length 175 9 Caudal peduncle Depth 40 25 Caudal peduncle Length 30 17 Pre Pectoral length 75 40 Pre Anal Length 16 60  characteristics of normal and abnormal specimens revealed variations in the count of dorsal fin ray  (13 in deformed specimen and 42 in normal) (Table 1). The degree of deformity could further be understood from the longer and wider dorsal fin base of the normal specimen which account for 59.04 % in total  Fig.2 — (A) External morphology of Normal Chinese pomfretPampus chinensis, (B) External morphology of fish with severedorsal fin deformity VINOTHKUMAR et al.: FIRST RECORD OF DEFORMITY IN CHINESE POMFRET   97length, whereas in the deformed individual, it was only 17.72 %. The X-ray also revealed deformity in pterygiophores which support the dorsal fin of abnormal fish (Fig. 3A-B).  Discussion There have been numerous reports by several authors on various types of deformities in wild fishes. The deformities in the dorsal fin and caudal fin of silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus were recorded from Kuwait20 and Arabian Gulf coast of Oman19,21,22.  Jawad and Salarpouri23 reported the anal fin deformity  in long fin trevally, Carangoides armatus from Persian Gulf waters. The deformities like vertebral deformities in blue-spotted spine foot, Siganus corallines24,  genus Pampus25 and musculoskeletal abnormalities  in Trachinotus blochii26 were also reported.  Dutta et al.27 observed morphological and skeletal deformities in Labeo rohita in freshwater pond fish from Punjab. Koumoundouros10 reported the absence of pterygiophores in parrotfish, Sparisoma cretense (L., 1758). Similar type of deformity in the dorsal fin was reported by Jawad and Al-Mamry19 in silver pomfret but the deformity, in the present case, is more severe than that of Al-Mamry21. In general, deformity in fishes affects the routine performance like prey and predation phenomenon and courtship behaviour in fishes10,28. Koumoundouros et al.,29 explained that lack of pterygiophore is the result of irregularities during ontogenetic changes in larval stages. Sometimes injuries due to distress in line with robust water current or some bird attack can also lead to deformity in fishes. There are many factors responsible for structural abnormalities in fish skeleton or fins, like genetic factors, inbreeding depression, nutritional deficiency, diseases, parasites, temperature fluctuation during early life stages, low PH, environmental pollution in both wild and cultured fishes30-32 etc. In the absence of exact knowledge of cause of deformity, it is challenging to assign factor. However, in the present case it is hypothesized that the deformity must have occurred owing to physical injury or active predatory attack by a large predator on its dorsal side during early stages and later it healed and survived.   Acknowledgement We are grateful to the Director, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi and the scientist  in-charge, Mandapam Regional centre of CMFRI for  the kind support in the execution of this work. The authors are also thankful to Dr. Manik Mahapatra  for assisting in the design of the map.  References  1 Berra, T.M. & Au, R.J. Incidence of teratological fishes from Cedar Fork Creek, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci., 81, (1981), 225-229. 2 Davis, P. & Wheeler, A. The occurrence of Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788), (Osteichthyes, Perciformes, Stromateoidei, Stromateidae) in the North Sea. J. Fish Biol. 26(2), (1985), 105-109. 3 Browder, J. A., McClellan, D. B., Harper, D. E., Kandrashoff, M. G. & Kandrashoff, W. A Major developmental defect observed in several Biscayne Bay, Florida, fish species.  Env. Biol. Fish., 37(2), (1993), 181-188. 4 Lemly, A. D. Teratogenic effects of selenium in natural populations of fresh water fish. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 26(2), (1993), 181-204. 5 Jawad, L. A. Scale deformities in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, [Actinopterygii: Cichlidae] from Sudan. Acta Ichtyol. Pisc., 1(35), (2005).  Fig.3 — (A) Radiograph of Normal Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis (B) Radiograph of Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensiswith severe dorsal fin deformity  INDIAN J. MAR. SCI., VOL. 49, NO. 01, JANUARY 2020    98 6 Al-Jufaily, S. M., Jawad, L. A., & Al-Azi, A. N. Wild Siamese-twins in black tip sea catfish, Arius dussumieri (Valencienes, 1840) from Gulf of Oman. An. Biol., 27, (2005), 223-225. 7 Boglione, C., Costa, C., Giganti, M., Cecchetti, M., Di Dato, P., Scardi, M. & Cataudella, S. Biological monitoring of wild thick lip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus), golden grey mullet (Liza aurata), thin lip mullet (Liza ramada) and flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) (Pisces: Mugilidae) from different Adriatic sites: meristic counts and skeletal anomalies. Ecol. Indic., 6(4), (2006), 712-732. 8 Jawad, L. & Hosie, A. On the record of pug-headedness in snapper, Pagrus auratus (Forster, 1801) (Perciformes, Sparidae) from New Zealand. Acta Adriat.,48(2), (2007), 205-210. 9 Jawad, L. A. & Öktener, A. Incidence of lordosis in the freshwater mullet, Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) collected from Atatürk Dam Lake, Turkey. An. Biol., 29, (2007), 105-108. 10 Koumoundouros, G. First record of saddleback syndrome  in wild parrotfish Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes, Scaridae). J. Fish Biol., 72(3), (2008), 737-741. 11 Sfakianakis, D. G., Koumoundouros, G., Divanach, P. & Kentouri, M. Osteological development of the vertebral column and of the fins in Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758). Temperature effect on the developmental plasticity and morpho-anatomical abnormalities. Aquaculture, 232(1), (2004), 407-424. 12 Sfakianakis, D. G., Georgakopoulou, E., Papadakis, I. E., Divanach, P., Kentouri, M. & Koumoundouros, G. Environmental determinants of haemal lordosis in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquaculture, 254(1), (2006), 54-64. 13 Bengtsson, B. E. Effects of pulp mill effluents on skeletal parameters in fish–a progress report. Water Sci.Technol., 20(2), (1988), 87-94. 14 Lemly, A.D. Selenium impacts on fish: an insidious time bomb. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 5, (1999), 1139–51. 15 Tave, D., Bartels, J. E. & Smitherman, R. O. Saddleback: a dominant, lethal gene in Sarotherodon aureus (Steindachner) (Tilapia aurea). J. Fish Dis., 6(1), (1983), 59-73. 16 Gjerde, B., Pante, M. J. R. & Baeverfjord, G. Genetic variation for a vertebral deformity in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 244(1), (2005), 77-87. 17 Hussain, S. M. Record of a clupeoid fish Nematalosa nasus without an anal fin. Hydrobiol., 63(2), (1979), 185-188. 18 Al-Hassan, L. A. J. Vertebral anomalies in fishes from Iraq and the United Arab Emirates, Arabian Gulf, Iraqi J. Mar. Sci., Basrah, 1(1), (1982), 13-23. 19 Jawad, L. A. & Al-Mamry, J. Saddleback syndrome in wild silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) (Family: Stromatidae) from the Arabian Gulf coasts of Oman, Croat. J.  Fish., 70(3), (2012), 135-142. 20 Almatar, S. & Chen, W. Deformities in silver pomfret Pampus argenteus caught from Kuwait waters. Chin.  J. Oceanol. Limnol., 28(6), (2010), 1227-1229.       21 Al-Mamry, J. M., Jawad, L. A., Al-Rasady, I. H. & Al-Habsi, S. H. First record of dorsal and anal fin deformities in silver pomfrets, Pampus argenteus (Stromateidae, Actinopterygii) / Primer registro de deformidades en las aletas dorsal y anal de la palometa plateada, Pampus argenteus (Stromateidae, Actinopterygii), In Anales de Biología Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 32, (2010 January), 73. 22 Jawad, L. A. Caudal Fin Deformity in the Wild Silver Pomfret Pampus argenteus collected from the Arabian Gulf Coasts of Oman, Int. J. Mar. Sci., (2014), 4. 23 Jawad, B. L. & Salarpouri, A. Anal Fin Deformity in the Long fin Trevally, Carangoides armatus (Ruppell, 1830) collected from Nayband, Persian Gulf, Kor. Fish. J., 25(3), (2013), 169-172. 24 Jawad, L. A. First record of anomalous blue-spotted spine foot, Siganus corallinus (Valenciennes, 1835) with vertebral deformities from Aldabra Island, Seychelles, Cah. Biol. mar., 55(3), (2014), 363-366. 25 Jawad, L. & Liu, J. First record of vertebral anomalies in some members of the genus Pampus (family: Stromateidae) collected from Guangdong, China and from the Kii Peninsula, Honshu Island, Japan, Mar. Biodiver. Rec.,  (8), (2015), DOI/10.1017/S1755267215000913. 26 Samal, A. K., Nazar, A. A., Jayakumar, R., Tamilmani, G., Sakthivel, M., Rajendran, P. & Gopakumar, G. Musculoskeletal abnormalities in hatchery reared silver pompano, Trachinotus blochii (Lacépède, 1801), Ind.  J. Fish., 61(3), (2014), 122-124. 27 Dutta S. P. S., Slathia, D. & Katoch, V. Morphological and Skeletal Deformities in Labeo rohita (Ham. Buch.) from Freshwater Fish Ponds of Punjab, Int. J. Fish Aquacul. Sci.,  3, (2013), 45-62. 28 De Girolamo, M., Scaggiante, M. & Rasotto, M. B. Social organization and sexual pattern in the Mediterranean parrotfish Sparisoma cretense (Teleostei: Scaridae). Mar. Biol., 135(2), (1999), 353-360. 29 Koumoundouros, G., Divanach, P. & Kentouri, M. The effect of rearing conditions on development of saddleback syndrome and caudal fin deformities in Dentex dentex (L.), Aquaculture, 200(3), (2001), 285-304. 30 Browder, J. A., Nelson, C. M., Kandroshoff, M., Kandroshoff, W. &  Bernstein, J. W. Prevalence of abnormal fish as an indicator of environmental quality in the St. Lucie estuarine system, Southeast Fisheries Science Centre, NOAA Fisheries, Miami, Florida, USA. (2007). 31 Debnath, S. Occurrence of morphological deformities in wild catfish Clarias batrachus in a natural ecosystem of Tripura, north east India, and a possible case of stress induced polyploidy as revealed by erythrocyte examination, BioAsia, Queen Sirikit, National Convention Center, Bangkok, Thailand, (2008). 32 Eissa, A. E., Moustafa, M., El-Husseiny, I. N., Saeid, S., Saleh, O. & Borhan, T. Identification of some skeletal deformities in freshwater teleost’s raised in Egyptian aquaculture, Chemosphere, 77(3), (2009), 419-425. 

First record of deformity in Chinese Pomfret, Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) from Indian waters

95-98The Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) (Stromateidae) observed with deformity from fish landings at the Jegathapattinam fishing harbour along Palk Bay coast of Tamil Nadu. The abnormality owing to fractional dorsal fin may call as ‘saddleback syndrome’ and this may be due to any kind of physical injury during early stages or to a higher chance of predation and in due course, the wound healed and the individual survive even with extreme deformed condition. Such a deformity for this species of Pomfret has never been documented from Indian waters and this could be the first record in Pampus chinensis

Vinothkumar, R.

Rajkumar, M.

Thirumalaiselvan, S.

Saravanan, R.

Remya, L.

Batcha, S.M. Sikkander

Nazar, A. K. Abdul

NOPR

http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/14082/1/Rajkumar_2020_IJMS_First%20record%20of%20deformity%20in%20Chinese%20Pomfret%2C%20Pampus%20chinensis.pdf

First record of deformity in Chinese Pomfret, Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) from Indian waters

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

CMFRI Digital Repository

NOPR