The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute

start collected and estimation of marine fish

landings for the peninsular coast of India since its

inception in 1947, based on a stratified multistage

random sampling technique. This which continues

to date, and provides knowledge-base for many

research, planning and policy initiatives in the

marine fisheries sector

Augustine, Sindhu K

George, Grinson

George, K P

Jayasankar, J

Khambadkar, Lata

Kuriakose, Somy

Manjeesh, R

Mini, K G

Pugazhendi, D

Ramani, K

Sathianandan, T V

Seynudeen, M B

Srinivasan, J

Syamala, Karthireddy

Vase, Vinay Kumar

CMFRI Digital Repository

Mar. Fish. Infor. Serv., T & E Ser., No. 221, 2014 3Status of India's Exploited Marine Fishery Resources in 2013Sathianandan, T. V.,   Jayasankar, J.,  Somy  Kuriakose,  Mini, K. G., Grinson George,  SyamalaKarthireddy,  Vinay Kumar Vase, Srinivasan, J.,  Ramani, K ., Pugazhendi, D.,  Seynudeen, M. B.,George, K. P., Lata Khambadkar, Sindhu, K. Augustine and  Manjeesh, R.Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochistates of West Bengal and Odisha contributed 10%to the all India marine fish production in 2013. Thelandings from this region were about 3.86 lakh tand 4% lower than the last year. West Bengalaccounted for 68 % of the landings and the remaining(32 %) was from Odisha. The contribution fromsouth-east region comprising the maritime statesof Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Puducherry was10.2 lakh t, with Tamil Nadu being the majorcontributor (67 %) in this region. The south-westThe Central Marine Fisheries Research Institutestarted estimation of marine fish landings for thepeninsular coast of India since its inception in 1947,based on a stratified multistage random samplingtechnique. This continues to date, and providesknowledge-base  for many research, planning andpolicy initiatives in the marine fisheries sector. Forthe estimation of landings, stratification is doneover space and time. Over space, the entire coastline is divided into 75 non-overlapping geographicalregions, designated as fishing zones for which theestimates are made for each month.  These zonesconsist of 1,511 marine fish lading centres wherelandings take place throughout the year by differenttypes of fishing crafts. The estimate of all Indiaannual marine fish landings for the year 2013 is 3.78million tonnes (t) which has witnessed a dip of 1.56lakh t compared to the all-time high landings of 3.94million t in 2012.Spatial Patterns of LandingsThe north-east coast comprising the maritimeMar. Fish. Infor. Serv., T & E Ser., No. 221, 20144region was the most productive and the largestcontributor to the total marine fish landings of thecountry. Marine fish production in this region duringthe year 2013 was estimated as 12.13 lakh t,contributing 32% to the national landings. Amongthe different states in this region, the maximumcontribution was from Kerala, 6.71 lakh t (55%),followed by Karnataka 4.37 lakh t (36%) and therest 1.04 lakh t (9%) from Goa. Compared to theestimate of 2012, a decrease of about 1.74 lakh tin landings was noticed in the south-west region.The contribution from north-west region comprisingMaharashtra, Gujarat and UT Daman & Diu is 30.7%of the all India landings, with Gujarat leading amongall maritime states with an estimate of 7.17 lakh t.Sectoral Composition in LandingsThe marine fishery resources from the Indian seasare harvested using more than 35 different types ofcraft-gear combinations. Among the different gearsoperated along the Indian coast, trawlnetsaccounted for nearly half of the landings followedby seinenets (20%), gillnets (13%) and dolnets (8.5%).Among the three different categories of crafts usednamely mechanized, motorized and non-motorized,the  contribution from mechanized sector was79.5%, whereas contribution from motorized sectorwas 18.6% and that from artisanal sector was 1.9%.Mechanized sector continued to dominate theproduction scenario in all the regions with a majorshare of 20.15 lakh t from the west coast. In thenorth-west region, 92% of the landings wereaccounted by mechanized sector whereas in allother regions its contribution was between 70 - 78%.Motorized sector contributed 7 lakh t, with thesouth-east and south-west regions accounting formore than 5.1 lakh t. In the north-east region, itaccounted for 27% of the total landings while in thenorth-west region it formed only 7%. Non-motorizedsector as a whole contributed 1.9% with the south-east region being the major contributor.Resource ProfileFrom the coastal waters of India, about 670species were landed during 2013. Of these, 110species, belonging to 10 major resource groupscomprised 70% of the total catch. The estimatedlandings of major species/groups contributing tomarine capture fisheries production in 2013 is givenin Table 1.The contribution to the total marine fishlandings by pelagic and demersal fishes are about56% and 26% respectively, while the crustaceansaccounted for 13% and molluscs accounted for lessthan 5%. The contribution by pelagic finfishes in2013 was 21.23 lakh t.  The pelagic fishery wasmainly supported by oil sardine with a share of 28%.Mackerel landings witnessed an increase of about30,000 t from previous year. Ribbonfishes,Stolephorus spp., carangids, tuna, seerfishes andBombayduck were the other major components ofthe pelagic finfish production.The landings of thedemersal resources showed decrease of 1.4 lakh twhich is mainly due to the reduction of about30,000t in landings of threadfin breams. lizardfishes,croakers, sole, flatfishes, pomfrets, silverbellies andcatfishes which are the major demersal finfishresources.  In the case of crustacean resources, adecline of about 55,000 t was noticed in the landingsof penaeid prawns, while an increase of 48,000 twas noticed in the landings of non-penaeid prawns.A marginal decline was noticed in the landings oflobsters and crabs too. The landings of the molluscanresources also witnessed a decrease though therewas an increase in the landings of squids during theyear.Landings of oil sardine, the major single speciesresource, after having peaked at about 7.2 lakh t in2012, showed a decline with an estimate of 5.95lakh t in 2013.  About two-third of the oil sardinelandings were from south-west region and theremaining from south-east and north-west regions.Mar. Fish. Infor. Serv., T & E Ser., No. 221, 2014 5Kerala, the major contributor to the oil sardineproduction (41.5%) witnessed a decline of about 1.5lakh t. Tamil Nadu, second largest contributoraccounting for 30% of the oil sardine productionwitnessed an increase of about 0.75 lakh t during2013 while  Karnataka slipped to the third positionwith a decrease of 21,000 t.Table 1. Estimated landings of major resourcesResources 2012 2013Oil sardine 720270 595392Ribbon fishes 234766 252179Non-penaeid prawns 164951 213474Indian mackerel 170410 199880Penaeid prawns 252300 196942Cephalopods 190408 189426Threadfin breams 211618 182541Croakers 215824 177395Other sardines 149022 159580Scads 91449 127935Bombayduck 114378 124509Silverbellies 140843 121117In 2013, ribbonfishes production reached 2.52lakh t and accounted for about 7% of total marinefish production in the country. Compared to 2012,an increase of 17,000 t was noticed in the landings.North-west coast alone produced 1.52 lakh t ofribbonfishes with Gujarat contributing the maximum(88%). It was mainly exploited by trawlers with peaklandings during September and October. Indianmackerel formed another major fishery resourceamong pelagic finfishes with a production of 2 lakht. It was exploited all along the Indian coast withbulk of the landings from the south-west and south-east regions. Nearly 50% of the landings came fromKarnataka and Kerala, the other major contributorbeing Andhra Pradesh (17%).Cephalopods are an important component of theIndian marine fisheries mainly due to theircommercial value.The contribution by cephalopodresources showed a marginal decline, owing to thedecreased landings of cuttlefishes and octopus.However an increase of 7,700 t was noticed in thesquid landings during 2013. The west-coastaccounted for 85% of production with Gujarat,Kerala and Karnataka as the top producers.Likewise, most of the threadfin breams catch wasnetted from the west coast of India. These formedan important demersal fishery resource withestimated landing of 1.83 lakh t in 2013, accountingfor 4.8% of the total marine fish landings. About12% of the trawl landings constituted by this group.Bombayduck was an abundant resource along thenorth-west coast of India, contributing about 5% ofall India marine fish landings. The landings havebeen estimated at 1.1 lakh t along the north-west(88%) and north-east (12%) coasts of India. Alongthe north-west coast, landings in Gujarat areshowing a stabilized trend with seasonal variations,whereas in Maharashtra the landings show widefluctuations.Tunas which are one of the most valuableresources of the Indian marine fisheries recorded aproduction of 0.85 lakh t in 2013, being slightlyhigher than that in 2012. Euthynnus affinis andThunnus tonggol together accounted for more than61% of the tuna catches. The other major resourcesPenaeid and non-penaeid prawns togethercontributed over 4.10 lakh t, forming 11% of thetotal landings. Non-penaeid prawns formed a littleover 52% with north-west region as the area ofhighest occurrence. Compared to 2012, this resourceshowed an increase of about 0.5 lakh t, while areverse trend was noticed in the case of penaeidprawns. The major contributing states were Gujarat,Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and TamilNadu.Components of marine fish landings in India during 2013Mar. Fish. Infor. Serv., T & E Ser., No. 221, 20146A rare occurrence of Blackfringe bigeye Pristigenys refulgens (Valenciennes,1862), off Malabar coastPavithran, P. P., Manojkumar, P. P. and Ramachandran, N. P.Calicut Research Centre of CMFRI, KozhikodeOn 15th October, 2013, one male Pristigenysrefulgens specimen measuring 254 mm in totallength and weighing 437 g (Fig.1) was caught by atrawler at a depth of 120-140 m off Kozhikode(11°14.600 N 74°56.424 E). Morphologicalcharacters of the species were recorded.Morphometric characters of Pristigenys refulgenslanded at KozhikodeMorphometric Measurementcharacters (mm)Total length 254Standard length 207Head length 92Body depth 101Pre-orbital length 36Post-orbital length 22Eye diameter 34Pre-dorsal length 84Dorsal fin base length 103Fig. 1. Blackfringe bigeye Pristigenys refulgens landed atKozhikodecontributing to the landings were croakers (4.7%),other sardines (4.2%), scads (3.4%) and silverbellies(3.2%).Seasonal SketchFishing is carried out throughout the year alongthe Indian coast except during the fishing ban periodfor mechanized vessels imposed by the Governmentof India. In 2013, the fishing ban was for 45 daysduring June 15 to July 31 along the west coast andApril 15 to May 31 along the east coast, except forGoa where the fishing ban extended for 60 days.During 2013, October - December period was themost productive season (34%) followed by January- March (27%). Compared to 2012, except for theperiod July-September there was not much variationin the quarterwise percentage contributions.However there was a decline of about 81,500 tduring this period in 2013 as compared to 2012.The family Priacanthidae commonly inhabit rockyareas and reefs, although a few are known to inhabitopen waters. Priacanthids are typically coloredbright red, but some have patterns in silver, duskybrown, or black. They have unusually large eyes,suited to their habitat in deeper waters. Pristigenysis one of the genera in Priacanthidae in family andcomprises of 3 species.

Status of India's Exploited Marine Fishery Resources in 2013

http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/10358/1/1-MFIS-221.pdf

Status of India's Exploited Marine Fishery Resources in 2013

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